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      Peter Lely, 1618 – 1680

      Peter Lely: The 100 Best-Known Paintings

      Of all Peter Lely's paintings, Queen Mary II (1677) is the most famous; it hangs in the National Portrait Gallery, Londýn. Close behind come James VII and II, when Duke of York (1661) and Portrait of a man, thought to be George Booth, Lord Delamere (1660). Among the 240 works by Peter Lely in our catalogue, these 100 are the most celebrated, each shown with its date, its museum and its story.

      Seřazeno podle našeho skóre popularity, které kombinuje počet vyhledávání, návštěv a objednávek u každého díla. Aktualizováno říjen 2026. Each painting on this page can be ordered as an oil reproduction painted by hand on linen canvas, or as a fine art print, made to the size you choose.

      Portrét Peter Lely
      Peter Lely · 1618 – 1680
      Narozen · zemřel
      1618 – 1680, Soest
      Směr
      Baroque style
      Díla v našem katalogu
      240
      Nejslavnější
      Queen Mary II (1677)
      Nejvíce děl v
      National Portrait Gallery

      Peter Lely's 10 most celebrated paintings

      Queen Mary II (1677) od Peter Lely
      1

      Queen Mary II

      1677 · Oil On Canvas · National Portrait Gallery, Londýn

      In this oil on canvas, Peter Lely captures Queen Mary II at a threshold of life and sovereignty. Painted about 1677, the portrait finds the subject at the age of fifteen. She is the eldest daughter of James, Duke of York, and Anne Hyde. A quiet stillness settles over the young woman, even as her life moves toward the gravity of the throne.

      James VII and II, when Duke of York (1661) od Peter Lely
      2

      James VII and II, when Duke of York

      1661 · Oil On Canvas · Scottish National Portrait Gallery, Edinburgh

      In this commanding 1661 portrait, Sir Peter Lely captures the essence of a man destined for the throne: James VII and II during his tenure as the Duke of York. The painting serves as a breathtaking window into the late Stuart period, presenting a subject of profound importance with an air of effortless sophistication. Clad in a magnificent gold coat that catches the light, accented by a striking red sash,…

      Portrait of a man, thought to be George Booth, Lord Delamere (1660) od Peter Lely
      3

      Portrait of a man, thought to be George Booth, Lord Delamere

      1660 · Oil On Canvas · Art Gallery of South Australia, Adelaide

      A man of significant standing is captured in this mid-seventeenth-century oil on canvas, his presence defined by a heavy, dark suit and a prominent collar. He holds a piece of paper, a gesture suggesting literacy, legal authority, or perhaps a specific political mandate. His long, curly hair and well-groomed beard frame a face marked by intricate detail, conveying a sense of individual temperament. The composition focuses on the interplay between…

      Henrietta Boyle, Countess of Rochester (1646-1687) (1665) od Peter Lely
      4

      Henrietta Boyle, Countess of Rochester (1646-1687)

      1665 · Oil On Canvas · Hampton Court Palace, Londýn

      The sitter emerges from a shadowed landscape, a vision of 17th-century nobility caught in a moment of quiet poise. Henrietta Boyle, Countess of Rochester, is rendered with a serene expression that masks a subtle, underlying gravity. Her gown, a luminous sky blue, catches the light from the upper left, casting soft shadows into the voluminous folds of silk. A string of pearls rests against her neck, their pale luster contrasting…

      Portrait of Elizabeth Lady Monson (1665) od Peter Lely
      5

      Portrait of Elizabeth Lady Monson

      1665 · Oil On Canvas · Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery, Birmingham

      The room seems to quiet as Elizabeth Lady Monson meets the viewer's gaze. She sits in a three-quarter length pose, her body angled with a poise that speaks of a life lived within the high circles of the court. A deep, cerulean blue velvet gown envelops her, the heavy fabric catching the light in a way that suggests both weight and a soft, lustrous sheen. This intense blue cuts through…

      Portrait of Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658) (1653) od Peter Lely
      6

      Portrait of Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658)

      1653 · Oil · Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery, Birmingham

      This formal and somber seventeenth-century oil portrait depicts Oliver Cromwell in a bust-length composition. Positioned slightly off-center and looking toward the right of the frame, the subject is presented within a painted trompe l'oeil oval frame. The color palette is dominated by dark, earthy tones, including deep browns, blacks, and shadows, which contrast sharply against the bright white of the subject's collar and the metallic highlights of his armor.

      Portrait of Lady Penelope Spencer (1660) od Peter Lely
      7

      Portrait of Lady Penelope Spencer

      1660 · Oil On Canvas · Minneapolis Institute of Art, Minneapolis

      The air feels heavy with the scent of damp earth and blooming roses as Lady Penelope Spencer pauses in a quiet, shadowed landscape. She exists in a moment of poised stillness, her gaze meeting the viewer with a grace that suggests both high status and a gentle, private thought. The light, streaming from the upper left, washes over her skin with a soft, luminous glow, catching the delicate curve of…

      Henrietta Maria královna Anglie (1660) od Peter Lely
      8

      Henrietta Maria královna Anglie

      1660 · Akryl na plátně · Musée Condé, Chantilly

      Sir Peter Lely (1618 – 1680), born in Soest, Westphalia, stands as a monumental figure in the annals of English art history. His artistic journey spanned continents, culminating in his establishment as the undisputed premier portrait painter to the English court during the waning years of the Stuart dynasty—a period marked by dramatic political upheaval and stylistic innovation.

      Portrait of George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, English Admiral and Statesman (1675) od Peter Lely
      9

      Portrait of George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, English Admiral and Statesman

      1675 · Oil On Canvas · Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

      The Portrait of George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, English Admiral and Statesman is an oil on canvas work by the artist Pieter Van Der Faes (Peter Lely). This portrait captures George Monk (1608-69), 1st Duke of Albemarle, in a moment of formal stillness. The paint holds the weight of a man defined by his titles and his service to the crown.

      Edward Montagu, first Earl of Sandwich (1660) od Peter Lely
      10

      Edward Montagu, first Earl of Sandwich

      1660 · Oil On Canvas · Yale Center for British Art, New Haven

      Edward Montagu, first Earl of Sandwich, is presented in a formal, full-length Baroque portrait that asserts his high social standing and political importance. He stands with an imposing presence, his figure slightly off-center against a dark, shadowy background. The composition utilizes a vertical arrangement to emphasize his stature. Light enters from the upper left, striking his face and the brilliant white satin of his garments, while the rest of the…

      Peter Lely paintings ranked 11 to 100

      Sir Ralph Bankes (1660) od Peter Lely
      #11

      Sir Ralph Bankes

      1660 · Yale Center for British Art

      A young man sits suspended in a moment of quietude, his presence defined by the heavy, luminous folds of a golden ochre silk robe. The fabric catches a…

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      Portrait Of Sir John Nicholas (1667) od Peter Lely
      #13

      Portrait Of Sir John Nicholas

      1667 · Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery

      A three-quarter length portrait of a nobleman, positioned slightly off-center and leaning against a classical stone plinth. The subject, Sir John Nicholas, is rendered with a calm expression…

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      Lady Diana Bruce (died 1672) (1665) od Peter Lely
      #15

      Lady Diana Bruce (died 1672)

      1665 · Scottish National Gallery

      In this 1665 portrait, we encounter Lady Diana Bruce in a moment of quiet, aristocratic poise. She is positioned in a three-quarter view, her silhouette emerging from a…

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      Nymphs by a Fountain (1650) od Peter Lely
      #17

      Nymphs by a Fountain

      1650 · Dulwich Picture Gallery

      Nymphs by a Fountain is an oil on canvas by Peter Lely. The artist, born in Soest, Germany, in 1618, produced this work around 1650. Lely remained a…

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      Portrait of a Lady (1659) od Peter Lely
      #22

      Portrait of a Lady

      1659 · Buckingham Palace

      This three-quarter length portrait presents a noblewoman positioned slightly off-center, creating a balanced yet dynamic arrangement. The subject is depicted with a sense of poised dignity, her skin…

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      Henry Marten (Martin) (1650) od Peter Lely
      #26

      Henry Marten (Martin)

      1650 · National Portrait Gallery

      This portrait, titled Henry Marten (Martin), was executed by the artist Peter Lely. The work dates to about 1650. It depicts the subject, Henry Marten, in a bust-length…

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      Sir Peter Lely (1660) od Peter Lely
      #29

      Sir Peter Lely

      1660 · National Portrait Gallery

      In this three-quarter length portrait, we encounter a man captured with a quiet, dignified presence. Painted by the hand of Peter Lely, the work dates to about 1660,…

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      Simon Patrick (1680) od Peter Lely
      #30

      Simon Patrick

      1680 · National Portrait Gallery

      This oil on canvas portrait depicts Simon Patrick and was executed by the artist Peter Lely. The work is dated about 1668. It is held within the National…

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      Portrait of a Lady. (1650) od Peter Lely
      #32

      Portrait of a Lady.

      1650 · Národní muzeum ve Varšavě

      In this 1659 portrait, we encounter a young woman emerging from a deep, near-black background. The composition is a bust-length study, positioned slightly off-center to create a sense…

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      John Ogilby (1662) od Peter Lely
      #33

      John Ogilby

      1662 · Bodleianské knihovny

      This portrait of John Ogilby, executed by Peter Lely, offers a quiet glimpse into the likeness of a man of significant intellectual pursuits. Created in 1662, the work…

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      The Letter (1650) od Peter Lely
      #34

      The Letter

      1650 · Detroit Institute of Arts

      A young woman reclines in a state of repose, her pale skin emerging from a dark, indistinct background through a dramatic use of chiaroscuro. Beside her, an older,…

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      Bartholomew Beale (1670) od Peter Lely
      #36

      Bartholomew Beale

      1670 · Dulwich Picture Gallery

      This portrait of Bartholomew Beale, painted by Sir Peter Lely, captures a young man at a threshold of identity. Created about 1670, the work presents the son of…

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      King James II (1667) od Peter Lely
      #37

      King James II

      1667 · National Portrait Gallery

      This oil on canvas portrait, titled King James II, was executed by the artist Peter Lely. The work is dated about 1667. It depicts a man, identified as…

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      Abraham Cowley (1666) od Peter Lely
      #47

      Abraham Cowley

      1666 · National Portrait Gallery

      In this portrait, the poet Abraham Cowley is captured by the brush of Sir Peter Lely. The sitter emerges from a dark, heavy atmosphere, his presence defined by…

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      Sir Edward Nicholas (1662) od Peter Lely
      #48

      Sir Edward Nicholas

      1662 · National Portrait Gallery

      This portrait by Peter Lely depicts Sir Edward Nicholas. Dated 1662, the work presents the subject as a man of significant political standing. Nicholas was an English officeholder…

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      Henry Stone (1648) od Peter Lely
      #84

      Henry Stone

      1648 · National Portrait Gallery

      Henry Stone is a portrait executed by Peter Lely in 1648. The work captures the subject in a three-quarter length composition, presenting a formal study of character and…

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      Peter Lely's canvases, period by period

      What Peter Lely painted most

      The four subjects that return most often on these canvases, each with its best-loved example.

      Where Peter Lely's canvases hang

      8 muzea, v nichž je umístěno nejvíce obrazů z této stránky.

      Muzea Město Díla autora Peter Lely Obrazy z tohoto seznamu
      National Portrait Gallery, LondýnNational Portrait Gallery Londýn 18 Queen Mary II, Arthur Capel, 1st Earl of Essex; Elizabeth, Countess of Essex, George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham
      Petworth House, PetworthPetworth House Petworth 10 Lady Anne Percy, Lady Stanhope (1633-1654) or Lady Isabella Sydney, Viscountess Strangford (d.1663), The Three Younger Children of Charles I, Lady Elizabeth Percy, Lady Capel, later Countess of Essex (1636 - 1717/18)
      Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery, BirminghamBirmingham Museum and Art Gallery Birmingham 6 Portrait of Elizabeth Lady Monson, Portrait of Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658), Portrait Of Sir John Nicholas
      Yale Center for British Art, New HavenYale Center for British Art New Haven 6 Edward Montagu, first Earl of Sandwich, Sir Ralph Bankes, Diana Kirke, later Countess of Oxford
      Ham HouseHam House 14 Elizabeth Murray, Countess of Dysart, later Duchess of Lauderdale (1626-1698), Sir William Compton (1625-1663), An Unknown Gentleman, called Lionel Tollemache, 3rd Earl of Dysart (1649-1727)
      Scottish National Portrait Gallery, EdinburghScottish National Portrait Gallery Edinburgh 8 James VII and II, when Duke of York, John Maitland, 2nd Earl and 1st Duke of Lauderdale, 1616 - 1682. Statesman, John Hay, 1st Marquess of Tweeddale, 1626 - 1697. Lord High Chancellor of Scotland
      Hampton Court Palace, LondýnHampton Court Palace Londýn 11 Henrietta Boyle, Countess of Rochester (1646-1687), Anne Hyde, Duchess of York (1637-71), Margaret Brooke, Lady Denham (ca 1647-67)
      Kingston Lacy, Wimborne MinsterKingston Lacy Wimborne Minster 7 N. Wray, The Penitent Magdalen, Sir Ralph Bankes, MP (?1631-1677)

      Decade by decade: Peter Lely's most celebrated canvas

      1. 1640s
        Diana and her Nymphs at a Fountain (1648) od Peter Lely
        Canvas 39 of 100

        Diana and her Nymphs at a Fountain

        Věk 22 – 31 · Yale Center for British Art

        The oil painting titled Diana and her Nymphs at a Fountain captures a moment of classical myth. It was executed by the artist Peter Lely. The work dates…

      2. 1650s
        Portrait of Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658) (1653) od Peter Lely
        6 of 100

        Portrait of Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658)

        Věk 32 – 41 · Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery

        This formal and somber seventeenth-century oil portrait depicts Oliver Cromwell in a bust-length composition. Positioned slightly off-center and looking toward the right of the frame, the subject is…

      3. 1660s
        James VII and II, when Duke of York (1661) od Peter Lely
        Canvas 2 of 100

        James VII and II, when Duke of York

        Věk 42 – 51 · Scottish National Portrait Gallery

        In this commanding 1661 portrait, Sir Peter Lely captures the essence of a man destined for the throne: James VII and II during his tenure as the Duke…

      4. 1670s
        Queen Mary II (1677) od Peter Lely
        Canvas 1 of 100

        Queen Mary II

        Věk 52 – 61 · National Portrait Gallery

        In this oil on canvas, Peter Lely captures Queen Mary II at a threshold of life and sovereignty. Painted about 1677, the portrait finds the subject at the…

      5. 1680s
        Simon Patrick (1680) od Peter Lely
        Ranked 30 of 100

        Simon Patrick

        Věk 62 let · National Portrait Gallery

        This oil on canvas portrait depicts Simon Patrick and was executed by the artist Peter Lely. The work is dated about 1668. It is held within the National…

      Your questions on Peter Lely's paintings, answered

      Which is the most celebrated painting by Peter Lely?Read the answer

      Queen Mary II (1677), National Portrait Gallery, Londýn. James VII and II, when Duke of York (1661) and Portrait of a man, thought to be George Booth, Lord Delamere (1660) follow.

      How old was Peter Lely at the time of Queen Mary II?Read the answer

      Peter Lely, born in 1618, was 59 years old: Queen Mary II dates from 1677.

      Which ten paintings is Peter Lely most famous for?Read the answer

      Queen Mary II, James VII and II, when Duke of York, Portrait of a man, thought to be George Booth, Lord Delamere, Henrietta Boyle, Countess of Rochester (1646-1687), Portrait of Elizabeth Lady Monson, Portrait of Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658), Portrait of Lady Penelope Spencer, Henrietta Maria královna Anglie, Portrait of George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, English Admiral and Statesman a Edward Montagu, first Earl of Sandwich. Each canvas in the ranking above comes with its year and its museum.

      How many paintings by Peter Lely are known?Read the answer

      240 works by Peter Lely are in our catalogue, dated 1640 to 1680.

      Which museums hold Peter Lely's best-known canvases?Read the answer

      Mostly in National Portrait Gallery (Londýn), Petworth House (Petworth) a Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery (Birmingham); the list above names each museum and its canvases.

      In which years did Peter Lely paint the most celebrated canvases?Read the answer

      In 1660s, which gave 41 of the 100 works on this page, James VII and II, when Duke of York among them.

      What are the first and the last of Peter Lely's famous canvases?Read the answer

      The earliest canvas here is John Bainbridge (1582–1643) and daughter (1640); the latest is Simon Patrick (1680).

      Which subjects return most often in Peter Lely's paintings?Read the answer

      Man (24), Woman (19) a Lace (12), across the 100 works on this page.

      What did Peter Lely usually paint with?Read the answer

      Oil On Canvas, used in 40 of the 100 works on this page.

      To which art movement does Peter Lely belong?Read the answer

      Baroque style, as the canvases on this page show.

      What can I see by Peter Lely at the National Portrait Gallery?Read the answer

      The National Portrait Gallery, Londýn holds 15 of the works on this page, among them Queen Mary II, Arthur Capel, 1st Earl of Essex; Elizabeth, Countess of Essex a George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham.

      Can I order a hand-painted copy of a painting by Peter Lely?Read the answer

      Yes. Every painting on this page can be ordered from its own page as an oil reproduction painted by hand, or as a fine art print, in the size you choose.

      Peter Lely: the painter's story

      Sir Peter Lely: Malíř dvorských snů

      Sir Peter Lely, narozen v roce 1618 ve vesnici Soest v Westfálsku, byl postavou, jejíž život i dílo prostoupaly dvěma kontinenty a nakonec ho ugruntovaly jako nejvýznamnějšího portrétního malíře anglického dvora v pozdní éře Stuartů. Jeho cesta začala uprostřed chaosu třicetileté války, přičemž jeho nizozemské dědictví formovalo uměleckou citlivost hluboce zakořeněnou jak v severoevropských tradicích, tak v tehdy rozkvétajícím barokním stylu. Po počáteční výchově v Haarlem u Pietersa de Grebbera, mistra Gildu svatého Lukáše, si Lely zdokonalil dovednosti v precizních technikách flamandského malířství – což byla záڪlad, která měla hluboce ovlivnit jeho ranou tvorbu. Přesto právě jeho přesun do Anglie kolem roku 1643 skutečně definoval jeho odkaz a proměnil jej ze zručeného řemeslníka v dvorského umělce a klíčovou postavu při formování anglické umělecké identity.

      Raná léta a vlivy: Most mezi severem a jihem

      Lelyho raná díla odhalují fascinující syntézu různých vlivů. V počátcích vytvářel mytologické a náboženské scény, často zasazené do idylických pastorálních krajin – styl, který připomínal dílo Anthonyho van Dycka, jenž se stal nesmírně populárním na anglickém dvoře před svou předčasnou smrtí v roce 1641. Tato díla projevují jasné obdivování Van Dyckových elegantních kompozic, vyvážených postav a mistrovského využití světla a stínu. Přesto však Lelyho malba disponuje i výrazně pozemskou kvalitou, která odráží tradice Haarlem a integruje prvky severoevropského realismu. Obzvláště silný byl jeho vliv nizozemského baroka, což je patrné na jeho pozornosti k detailu, živé paletě barev a dynamických uspořádáních. Politická nestabilita té doby, poznamenaná anglickou občanskou válkou, nepochybně formovala Lelyho umělecká rozhodnutí a vedla k posunu směrem k intimnějším portrétům, které zachycovaly osobnostní rysy lidí obdivujících se dvorskému životu. Dvorský malíř a královská patronáž: Počátek nové éry Po obnovení monarchie v roce 1660 zažívá Lelyho kariéra neuvěřitelný vzestup. Byl jmenován hlavním dvorským malířem krále Charlese II., což byla pozice, kterou dříve zastával právě Van Dyck, a to znamenalo jasné uznání jeho umělecké hodnoty i trvalého původu jeho stylu. Toto jmenování s sebou přineslo i významná privilegia, včetně štědrého příjmu a přístupu k královským sbírkám. Lelyho portréty se staly nesmírně populárními; zachycovaly podobu významných postav – od dvůrských šlechtiček až po členy královské rodiny. Jeho schopnost vykreslit subjekty s důstojností i šarmem upevnila jeho postavení nejvýznamnějšího malíře dvora. Zvláštní je, že namaloval i Olivera Cromwella a Richarda Cromwella, přičemž u toho prvního nabídl překvapivě upřímný portrét bývalého lorda protektora, čímž dokázal svou ochotu zachytit realitu spíše než pouhou idealizaci.

      Styl a technika: Mistr světla a formy

      Lelyho umělecký styl je charakteristický svou elegancí, grácií a neuvěřitelnou technickou zručností. Disponoval výjimečnou schopností vykreslit textilie s ohromující realističností – což se stalo trvalým znakem jeho portrétů – a jeho práce se světlem a stínem vytvářela pocit hloubky a atmosféry, který diváka zcela pohltil. Ačkoliv byl zpočátku ovlivněn vyváženým stylem Van Dycka, Lely si vyvinul robustnější a expresivnější styl, který svým postavám vdechoval osobnost a charakter. Jeho kompozice jsou často dynamické a poutavé, přičemž oko diváka přirozeně vedou k klíčovým prvkům v rámci obrazu. Byl také vášnivým sběratelem kreseb starých mistrů, což bezpochyby obohacovalo jeho porozumění anatomii, perspektivě a základním uměleckým principům.

      Odkaz a historický význam

      Vliv Sirry Petera Lelyho na anglické umění je nepopíratelný. Založil tradici dvorského portrétního malířství, která přetrvala generace a formovala vizuální reprezentaci moci a statusu v rámci monarchie. Jeho vliv však sahá daleko za pouhé technické dovednosti; pomohl podpořit smysl pro uměleckou sebevědomost a inovaci, čímž přispěl k rozkvětu umění během éry Restaurace. Ačkoliv se jeho styl někdy skláněl k repetitivnosti – což je vlastnost často připisovaná potřebě vytvářet množství portrétů pro potřeby dvora – Lelyho odkaz zůstává nezpochybnitelný jako dílo jednoho z nejdůležitějších a nejvlivnějších anglických malířů. Jeho tvorba je i nadále uctívána pro svou krásu, eleganci a hluboký vhled do lidské povahy, čímž si trvale zajistil své místo v dějinách umění jako „Malíř dvorských snů“.

      Všechna díla od Peter Lely: 240 →