Paper

Student Artwork Guide

Bermudiana

Name Class Date

Isabel McLaughlin, Bermudiana (1950), The Robert McLaughlin Gallery. Reproduced for reference; rights reserved by the rights holder. See this canvas under a moving light: the drawing, the true colour under the varnish, the bare pigment

The facts

Artist
Isabel McLaughlin topimpressionists.com/en/artists/isabel-mclaughlin/
Artist’s dates
1903 – 2002
Painted
1950
Original size
63 x 66 cm
Held at
The Robert McLaughlin Gallery topimpressionists.com/en/museums/the-robert-mclaughlin-gallery-oshawa/
Artistic style
Still Life
Influences
Louise Saint
Notable elements or techniques
Bold landscapes, graphite shading
Subject or theme
Tropical Foliage

In context

Bermudiana — Isabel McLaughlin

How big is it?

The original measures 63 × 66 cm (height × width), drawn here beside an adult of average height.

When was this painted?

  1. 1900
  2. 1910
  3. 1920
  4. 1930
  5. 1940
  6. 1950
  7. 1960
  8. 1970
  9. 1980
  10. 1990
  11. 2000

Row above: the years. Row below: how old the artist was at the start and at the end of each span — 0 at birth, 99 at death.

Painted when the artist was 47. The artist lived to 99. 5 of the 10 dated works by this artist in our catalogue came earlier.

Shaded: the lifetime of Isabel McLaughlin (1903–2002) ▲ this work, 1950 every dated painting, decade by decade

First works: up to 1948 Main working years: 1948–1956 Late works: from 1956

Those three bands split the works this catalogue has a date for into a first quarter, a middle half and a last quarter. They are not the artist’s complete output: a thin stretch may be a gap in the record rather than a quiet spell. The same years with the artist’s life laid along them

Compare with

Pick one work above: name two things it shares with this one, and one thing that's different.

More works to set beside this one: topimpressionists.com/en/art/similar/isabel-mclaughlin-bermudiana-D7H3G7-en/

Colours

Measured from the image

    Main colour

    Olive #967629

    Catalogued palette

    • #967629
    • #D4CEB8
    • #441B12
    • #C0A05B

    These colours inside the artist’s whole palette Find other paintings by colour

    Palette
    Earthy The dominant colour family in the image.
    Main colour name
    Olive
    Intensity
    Vivid How saturated and varied the colours are, from a single toned-down hue to many bright ones.
    Contrast
    Statement How much the colours differ in lightness and saturation across the picture.
    Harmony
    Balanced Harmony How well the colours work together, from clashing to fully unified.
    Brightness
    Brilliant How light or dark the picture reads overall, from deep shadow to bright highlight.
    Saturation
    Clear Color Presence How pure and strong the colours are, from near-grey to fully vivid.

    Where in the world is this painting looked at?

    • under 1%
    • 1–3%
    • 3–8%
    • 8–20%
    • 20% and over
    This painting alone has too few recorded visitors to map, so the plate reads every work by Isabel McLaughlin over the last twelve months — 2 countries in all. Where these figures come from

    The ten leading countries

    1. 1 China 75.0%
    2. 2 United States of America 25.0%

    Find the three darkest countries on the map. Is the museum that keeps this painting in any of them? Write down one reason people far away might look at it.

    The 6 most looked-at works by Isabel McLaughlin

    1. 1 Sketch for Tree 33.3%
    2. 2 Haliburton Country Lake Autumn, 1957 16.7%
    3. 3 L, 1930 16.7%
    4. 4 Camoflage, 1948 16.7%
    5. 5 Untitled 16.7%
    6. Bermudiana, 1950 this painting 0.0%

    Together these works take 100.0% of all the attention this artist's paintings received over the last twelve months. The catalogue holds 12 works by this artist, of which 5 were looked at at least once. This painting has not been looked at yet in that time — it closes the list without a rank. The same counts, month by month

    Bars measure attention, not quality. Pick the work at the top and this one: name one thing that might make a painting famous beyond how well it is painted.

    About this artwork

    Bermudiana — Isabel McLaughlin

    A Pioneer's Vision: Isabel McLaughlin’s “Bermudiana”

    Isabel McLaughlin (1903-2002) stands as an undeniable cornerstone of Canadian Modernism, her artistic journey marked by unwavering dedication and a profound belief in the transformative power of art. Born into privilege within Parkwood Estate—the ancestral home of Robert Samuel McLaughlin, founder of General Motors Canada—McLaughlin’s formative years instilled in her a deep appreciation for cultural enrichment and artistic expression. Influenced by her mother's penchant for botanical needlework depicting serene landscapes, she embarked on an ambitious path toward formal art education, traversing continents to hone her skills under luminaries like Louise Saint in Paris during the early 1930s. This pursuit wasn’t merely driven by familial legacy; it was fueled by a relentless desire to master technique and capture the essence of nature's beauty—a mission that would define her entire oeuvre.

    Subject Matter: McLaughlin’s “Bermudiana” centers around an exquisitely rendered floral arrangement, dominated by vibrant bermudiana foliage interspersed with delicate blossoms in hues ranging from scarlet to lemon yellow and emerald green. Two birds—one perched atop a branch and the other nestled amongst the leaves—add a touch of avian grace to the composition.

    Style: The painting embodies the stylistic hallmarks of Canadian Modernism, prioritizing bold simplification and expressive brushwork characteristic of Painters Eleven, McLaughlin’s influential artistic collective. Her approach eschews meticulous realism in favor of conveying mood and atmosphere through color and texture.

    Technique & Materials: Oil Paint on Canvas

    McLaughlin skillfully employed oil paint on canvas—a favored medium for Canadian artists during the mid-century period—allowing her to achieve remarkable tonal depth and luminosity. Her meticulous layering technique—characterized by thin washes followed by thicker impasto strokes—captures the tactile qualities of the foliage and blossoms with stunning accuracy. Graphite was used as a secondary tool, adding subtle shading and enhancing the overall textural complexity of the artwork.

    Historical Context: Created in 1950, “Bermudiana” reflects the broader artistic currents of its time—namely, the burgeoning interest in abstraction and the celebration of Canadian landscapes. It aligns seamlessly with the ethos of Painters Eleven, who sought to forge a distinctly Canadian visual language rooted in observation and emotional resonance.

    Symbolism: The bermudiana flower itself carries symbolic significance—representing resilience, adaptability, and the enduring beauty of tropical flora. Its placement within the composition underscores McLaughlin’s commitment to portraying nature's grandeur with unwavering sincerity.

    Emotional Impact & Artistic Legacy

    Bermudiana” transcends mere visual representation; it evokes a palpable sense of tranquility and wonder—a testament to McLaughlin’s artistic vision. The painting’s harmonious color palette and expressive brushwork invite contemplation, prompting viewers to reconnect with the natural world and appreciate its inherent splendor. Isabel McLaughlin's enduring legacy continues to inspire artists today, cementing her place as one of Canada’s most celebrated modernist painters.

    Provenance: The artwork was gifted by Alexandra Luke in 1967—a pivotal moment in establishing “Bermudiana”’s rightful place within Canadian art history.

    Artist and museum

    Artist

    Isabel McLaughlin

    Born in Oshawa, Canada

    A Pioneer of Canadian Modernism: The Life and Art of Isabel McLaughlin

    Isabel McLaughlin, born in Oshawa, Canada, in 1903, emerged as a pivotal figure in the development of Canadian modern art. Her journey was one of dedicated artistic exploration, coupled with a profound commitment to fostering a vibrant arts community. Growing up within the privileged surroundings of Parkwood Estate, home to her father Robert Samuel McLaughlin—founder of General Motors Canada—she was exposed to a world where art held significant value. This early immersion in culture, alongside the influence of her mother and grandmother’s artistic inclinations towards needlework depicting nature, laid the foundation for her lifelong passion. McLaughlin's path wasn’t simply one of inherited privilege; it was forged through rigorous study and unwavering dedication to her craft. She embarked on a formal art education that took her across continents, beginning with watercolour studies under Louise Saint in Paris during the 1920s, a period crucial for absorbing European artistic currents. This foundational experience was followed by attendance at the Ontario College of Art (OCA) between 1925 and 1927, where she benefited from the mentorship of Arthur Lismer, a key member of the celebrated Group of Seven, and Yvonne McKague Housser. These formative years instilled in her not only technical skill but also a modernist sensibility that would define her artistic vision.

    Formative Influences and Artistic Development

    McLaughlin’s artistic development was deeply intertwined with the evolving Canadian art scene of the early 20th century. Her association with the Group of Seven, through Lismer's guidance, proved instrumental in shaping her initial approach to landscape painting. However, she quickly moved beyond direct imitation, forging a unique style characterized by bold compositions and a sculptural simplicity. Further studies in Paris at the Scandinavian Academy in 1929-30, and later with Emil Bisttram in New Mexico exploring Dynamic Symmetry, broadened her artistic horizons. A particularly significant period was her collaboration with fellow Canadian artist Prudence Heward in Europe during 1930. This partnership fostered a shared exploration of modernist techniques and themes, influencing both artists’ subsequent work. McLaughlin's style gradually shifted from the representational landscapes of her early years towards more abstract forms, reflecting the influence of Cubism and other avant-garde movements circulating internationally. She wasn’t merely adopting trends; she was synthesizing them into a distinctly Canadian voice—one that balanced modernist principles with a deep connection to the natural world. Her work during this period demonstrated “intense modern feeling” as noted by Fred Housser in 1929, and showcased an originality of expression that set her apart from many contemporaries.

    A Champion of Artistic Collaboration and Leadership

    Beyond her personal artistic practice, Isabel McLaughlin played a vital role in shaping the Canadian art landscape through collaboration and leadership. She was a founding member of the Canadian Group of Painters (CGP) in 1933, an organization formed after the dissolution of the Group of Seven, providing a platform for modernist artists to exhibit their work. Remarkably, she became the first woman president of the CGP in 1939, serving until 1945—a testament to her standing within the artistic community and her commitment to promoting innovative art. This leadership role was particularly significant at a time when women faced considerable barriers in the art world. McLaughlin actively supported her peers, both financially and through advocacy, fostering an environment of creative exchange. She also served as an executive member and president of the Heliconian Club in Toronto, further demonstrating her dedication to cultural organizations. Her commitment extended beyond formal positions; she was known for generously supporting younger artists, sometimes deliberately pricing her own work higher to avoid competing with those struggling to establish themselves.

    Legacy and Lasting Impact

    Isabel McLaughlin’s contributions were recognized throughout her life with prestigious accolades, including the Order of Ontario in 1993 and the Order of Canada in 1997. Her work is now held in numerous public collections across Canada, including the National Gallery of Canada, the Art Gallery of Ontario, the Robert McLaughlin Gallery (named after a member of her family), and the McMichael Canadian Art Collection. The Robert McLaughlin Gallery holds an especially significant collection of her paintings, reflecting her deep connection to her hometown and her commitment to supporting local arts institutions. In 2022, a work by McLaughlin achieved a record sale price at Cowley Abbott auction, demonstrating the growing recognition of her artistic importance in the market. Her legacy extends beyond her individual artworks; she left an indelible mark on the Canadian art scene as a pioneering modernist, a dedicated patron, and a visionary leader who championed innovation and inclusivity. Her story serves as an inspiration to artists and art enthusiasts alike, reminding us of the power of creativity, collaboration, and unwavering dedication to one’s artistic vision. Bermudiana, All Aboard, and L\ are just a few examples of her captivating works that continue to resonate with audiences today.

    Museum

    The Robert McLaughlin Gallery

    On show in Oshawa, Canada

    A Sanctuary of Light and Line

    Nestled within the vibrant pulse of Downtown Oshawa, Ontario,

    The Robert McLaughlin Gallery

    stands as a luminous beacon for the Canadian spirit, offering a profound sanctuary where modernism meets memory. To step into this institution is to enter a carefully curated dialogue between the earth and the ether, a place where the heavy weight of history is lifted by the soaring, light-filled expansiveness of its design. The architectural presence of the gallery is, in itself, a masterpiece of modernist principle. Designed by the legendary Canadian architect

    Arthur Erickson

    , the building serves as a structural poem that mirrors the artistic ethos found within its walls. Erickson’s vision prioritizes an organic connection to the surrounding urban landscape, utilizing expansive windows that flood the interior with natural light. This intentional luminosity does more than illuminate; it breathes life into the canvases, mirroring the brilliance and depth found in many of the gallery's most celebrated works.

    For the interior designer or lover of fine spaces, the gallery offers a masterclass in how architecture can act as a silent collaborator to art, creating an environment that is simultaneously invigorating and deeply contemplative. The space serves as a bridge between the industrial heritage of the region and the ethereal beauty of abstract form, making it a vital destination for those who seek inspiration in the intersection of structure and soul.

    The Pulse of Abstract Expressionism

    At the heart of the gallery’s identity lies an unparalleled devotion to

    Abstract Expressionism

    . This singular focus is inextricably linked to the pioneering legacy of

    Alexandra Luke

    , a visionary whose advocacy for abstract forms irrevocably altered the trajectory of Canadian art history. The gallery holds the distinction of housing the largest collection of works by the

    Painters Eleven

    in Canada, a group of rebels and innovators who sought to break free from representational constraints to explore pure emotion, form, and texture. To wander through these collections is to encounter monumental works that pulse with energy, offering profound insights into a collective movement that redefined how we perceive the canvas.

    The collection's depth is matched by its diversity, featuring a wide array of artistic expressions including:

    Canadian Paintings:

    A vast panorama of works spanning various periods of national importance.

    Sculpture and Printmaking:

    Tactile explorations of materiality and process that complement the painted works.

    Archives:

    Significant historical records related to the Painters Eleven, preserving the very origins of the movement.

    Beyond its permanent treasures, which number over 4,500 diverse pieces, the gallery remains a living, breathing entity through its commitment to groundbreaking exhibitions and community engagement. It consistently pushes boundaries, presenting shows that traverse themes from the intricate nuances of Indigenous storytelling to the cutting-edge pulse of contemporary trends. Whether one is drawn by the historical weight of the McLaughlin legacy or the raw, unbridled power of modern Canadian creativity, the gallery offers an enduring journey through the heart of Canadian expression.

    Where to read more

    Find this online

    QR code linking to the download page for Bermudiana

    topimpressionists.com/en/art/download/isabel-mclaughlin-bermudiana-D7H3G7-en/

    Cite this artwork

    MLA
    McLaughlin, Isabel. Bermudiana. 1950, The Robert McLaughlin Gallery. https://topimpressionists.com/en/art/isabel-mclaughlin-bermudiana-D7H3G7-en/
    APA
    McLaughlin, Isabel (1950). Bermudiana [Painting]. The Robert McLaughlin Gallery. https://topimpressionists.com/en/art/isabel-mclaughlin-bermudiana-D7H3G7-en/
    Chicago
    Isabel McLaughlin. Bermudiana. 1950. The Robert McLaughlin Gallery. https://topimpressionists.com/en/art/isabel-mclaughlin-bermudiana-D7H3G7-en/
    Harvard
    McLaughlin, Isabel (1950) Bermudiana. The Robert McLaughlin Gallery. Available at: https://topimpressionists.com/en/art/isabel-mclaughlin-bermudiana-D7H3G7-en/

    Look closely

    Bermudiana — Isabel McLaughlin

    Look closely

    Answer in your own words. There are no wrong answers here — only answers you can explain.

    1. What catches your eye first, and why?
    2. Which colours or shapes create the mood — and what is that mood?
    3. Our catalogue files this work under: floral arrangement, landscape painting, botanical art. Do you agree? What would you add, or take away?
    4. Look back at All Aboard (1948), earlier in this guide. Name two things it shares with this work, and one that is different.
    5. Isabel McLaughlin was about 47 when this was made. What in it looks like the work of an artist at that stage?

    Your response

    Write a short paragraph about this artwork. Use the facts from the earlier parts of this guide, and your answers above.

    Questions & Answers

    Can I see "Bermudiana" by Isabel McLaughlin under different lights?

    The X-Ray view of "Bermudiana" by Isabel McLaughlin is on the artwork's X-Ray page: an interactive examination of the image through eleven optical layers.

    How does "Bermudiana" fit into Isabel McLaughlin's themes and style?

    Within Isabel McLaughlin's output, "Bermudiana" sits in the Canadian Modernism style, alongside the themes of nature observation, formal style, canadian identity, artistic vision, botanical studies, legacy value, painters eleven influence, pioneer role.

    Is there a slideshow for "Bermudiana" by Isabel McLaughlin?

    A slideshow is available: the Diaporama page of "Bermudiana" by Isabel McLaughlin.