Copyright This work is in the public domain. Jean Brusselmans died in 1953; copyright lasts 70 years after the artist’s death, so it ended in 2023.
In context
Spring — Jean Brusselmans
The original measures 151 × 151 cm (height × width), drawn here beside an adult of average height.
Row above: the years. Row below: how old the artist was at the start and at the end of each span — 0 at birth, 69 at death.
Painted when the artist was 51. The artist lived to 69. 6 of the 16 dated works by this artist in our catalogue came earlier.
Shaded: the lifetime of Jean Brusselmans (1884–1953) ▲ this work, 1935 every dated painting, decade by decade
First works: up to 1933 Main working years: 1933–1938 Late works: from 1938
Those three bands split the works this catalogue has a date for into a first quarter, a middle half and a last quarter. They are not the artist’s complete output: a thin stretch may be a gap in the record rather than a quiet spell. The same years with the artist’s life laid along them
Pick one work above: name two things it shares with this one, and one thing that's different.
More works to set beside this one: topimpressionists.com/en/art/similar/spring-by-jean-brusselmans/
Measured from the image
Main colour
Cobalt Violet #8f94a4
Catalogued palette
These colours inside the artist’s whole palette Find other paintings by colour
Artist and museum
Born in Brussels, Belgium
Jean Brusselmans was born on 13 June 1884 in Brussels, Belgium. He grew up in a household where his parents ran a sewing workshop, a place of constant, practical labor. He was one of four children. His younger brother, Michel Brusselmans, eventually found his own way through sound, becoming a composer.
His early training began with the precise, technical work of a lithographer. This foundation in printmaking likely informed his later interest in structure and form. He eventually moved into formal study at the Academy of Fine Arts, where he began to develop the visual language that would define his career.
His approach was a quiet struggle between abstraction and figuration. He did not look for emotional outbursts, but instead focused on the formal organization of the picture. He stripped his subjects down to simplified forms, using broad planes of color and balanced compositions to find order. This method turned the landscape and the interior into something structured and steady. He gave different elements hard contours, which helped to define the space without relying on traditional depth or perspective. Instead of creating a deep sense of distance, he often piled elements up, reducing reality to ordered, almost geometric patterns.
The way he handled paint was physical and direct. He used a palette knife to spread color across the surface, sometimes pulling or scraping the paint to create twists and texture. He would lay one color over another, building up the surface through vigorous brushing. This technique allowed him to create a highly personal visual language through the weight of the pigment itself. His work relied on bold lines and vivid colors to hold the composition together, ensuring that every part of the canvas felt intentional and contained.
In 1924, he moved to Dilbeek, settling in a modest house near Brussels. The view from his studio window became a constant companion, providing the primary subject for much of his work. He spent years observing the same row of houses, the narrow strips of field, and the dark woods in the distance. He captured these elements through every change of season, watching the light shift across the Brabant landscape.
Life in Dilbeek was marked by significant hardship. The family lived in great poverty, and the struggle to make ends meet often required him to paint advertising hoardings. His wife contributed to the household through sewing and embroidery, but the financial strain remained heavy. During the Second World War, the situation grew more difficult when the family was unable to pay their electricity bill and their power was cut off. In 1943, his wife passed away.
Brusselmans focused his gaze on the immediate surroundings of the Brabant countryside. He spent much of his time observing landscapes, village scenes, and the quiet arrangements of still lifes and interiors. His work often captured the light and seasonal shifts of the area, such as in Spring (1935), where he used a wide range of green shades beneath a blue sky. He frequently returned to the view from his studio window, painting the same rows of houses, small fields, and dark forests in every season. These subjects were often reduced to their essential forms, using large planes and clear lines to organize the composition.
His interest in the sea and coastal elements appeared in works like Lighthouse at Heist (1939) and Marine (1951). Even in more domestic or singular moments, his hand was present, whether in the depiction of a Cat drinking (1918) or the more structured Boats (1937). He also turned his attention to the interior spaces of his life, as seen in The large Interior (1939). In many of his still lifes, the objects he chose to paint were part of his daily existence, sometimes including items that appeared repeatedly in his compositions.
Le diable par la queue (1950)
Stilleven met speelkaarten / Nature morte avec jeu de cartes (1948)
Portrait de Roger Brauns (1943)
Tuin onder de sneeuw, Dilbeek (1942)
Sneeuw te Dilbeek
During his lifetime, Brusselmans lived a quiet existence that did not reflect the weight of his output. He struggled to sell his paintings, often finding himself in financial hardship. At times, he was forced to paint advertising hoardings simply to make ends meet. His work remained largely unrecognized by the broader public while he was active, and he lived through periods of significant scarcity, including times when his family lacked even the electricity needed for light.
The recognition of his place in Belgian modernism arrived only after his death in 1953. He is now viewed as a leading figure of the era, a status that grew as his singular approach to structure and color gained appreciation. His presence in the history of Belgian art was marked by a major retrospective in 1980, which helped reintroduce his vision to a new generation. This interest has continued to grow, leading to a significant retrospective at Bozar in 2026, the first of its scale since the 1980 exhibition.
His paintings and drawings can be found in several Belgian institutions. The Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium holds a selection of his work. You can also find his pieces within the collections of the Groeningemuseum in Bruges. These works are part of the broader Flemish Art Collection, which brings together pieces from various museum sites.
The Gemeentemuseum also maintains works by the artist in its collection. His presence in these spaces allows for a closer look at the way he organized color and form. Seeing his work in these different settings offers a way to observe his specific approach to the Brabant landscape and his still lifes.
On show in Antwerp, Belgium
The origins of the Royal Museum of Fine Arts Antwerp reach back to the late 14th century, rooted in the holdings of the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke. This guild, which included painters, sculptors, and goldsmiths, remained active until 1773. The collection was eventually inherited by the academy, forming the nucleus of what would become a public institution. The formal establishment of the museum occurred on 5 May 1810, when Napoleon founded it by imperial decree. This period of transition saw the collection move from private guild ownership toward a structured public repository.
The early years of the institution were marked by significant shifts in the movement of art. By 1817, the museum's catalogue listed 127 items. This collection grew substantially following the Battle of Waterloo; on 5 December 1815, a large proportion of works that had been looted during the French occupation arrived back in Antwerp by train. These returned pieces, many of them by Rubens, helped solidify the museum's foundation. The presence of these works ensured that the lineage of Flemish art remained centered within the city's walls.
The Antwerp Crucifixion, 1475
Portrait of Philip de Croy, 15th century
The structure occupies a prominent position in Antwerp’s Zuid district, a neoclassical presence designed by Jean-Jacques Winders and Frans Van Dijk. Construction began in 1884, with the building opening to the public in 1890 and reaching completion in 1894. The architecture adheres to classical ideals of harmony and order, creating a sense of permanence within the urban landscape. The façade features intricate sculptures and medallions that honor celebrated artists, turning the exterior into a visual tribute to the creative lineage housed within.
The museum is situated within gardens that are bounded by streets named after various artistic disciplines. These thoroughfares, such as Schildersstraat and Beeldhouwersstraat, reinforce the connection between the institution and the disciplines of painting and sculpture. The building's design does not merely contain the art; the architecture participates in the experience, providing a structured environment that complements the works on display. The recent renovations have expanded these spaces, integrating modern elements into the historical setting while preserving the original neoclassical character.
The collection encompasses more than 20,000 artworks, reflecting the artistic production and the specific tastes of art enthusiasts in Antwerp, Belgium, and the Northern and Southern Netherlands since the 15th century. These holdings provide a panorama of various artistic styles and movements, spanning from the fourteenth to the twentieth centuries. The breadth of the selection allows for a direct encounter with the evolution of regional expression, from the meticulousness of the Early Netherlandish period to the dramatic energy of the Baroque and the detailed compositions of the Dutch Golden Age.
The presence of these works offers a continuous line of visual history. One finds the quiet precision of earlier eras alongside the more experimental approaches of later centuries. The museum holds significant pieces that illustrate the shifting priorities of Flemish painters over hundreds of years. Each work exists as a physical record of the era in which it was produced, maintaining a dialogue between the historical traditions of the Low Countries and the developments of the modern age.
The Antwerp Crucifixion, 1475
The goal of things
Oasis, 1912
The presence of Peter Paul Rubens is felt throughout the galleries, where his dynamic compositions and use of color command the space. His works exist alongside the revolutionary oil paintings of Jan van Eyck, such as Saint Barbara and Madonna at the Fountain. These pieces possess a luminous quality and a level of detail that defined the course of art history. Nearby, the spiritual weight of the 15th century is felt in Rogier van der Weyden’s Seven Sacraments Altarpiece, a work that invites quiet contemplation on mortality and redemption.
The collection extends through the centuries, gathering the diverse expressions of Flemish art. The works of Hans Memling and Jacob Jordaens contribute to this long lineage of technical precision. Later, the expressive energy of James Ensor introduces a different kind of intensity to the halls. This continuity allows for a direct encounter with the evolution of the region's creative spirit, from the meticulousness of the Early Netherlandish masters to the bold experimentation of later eras.
The dialogue between historical tradition and modern vision continues into the 20th century. The museum holds works by René Magritte and Pierre Alechinsky, placing contemporary innovation within the same walls that house the old masters. This proximity creates a space where the history of painting is not a closed chapter but a continuous presence.
The Daughters of Cecrops finding the child Erichthonius, about 1617 - Jacob Jordaens
The Antwerp Crucifixion, 1475 - Antonello Da Messina
Portrait of Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Savoy, 1520 - Bernard Van Orley
The museum reopened in 2022 following an extensive eleven-year renovation. This significant undertaking, spearheaded by the architectural firm KAAN Architecten, sought to integrate contemporary functionality within the historical framework. A new extension was constructed within the existing structure, utilizing a four-story steel skeleton to create a vertical museum. This structural addition allows for a seamless transition between different eras of art. To support the preservation of the collection, a state-of-the-art new depot was built outside the city.
The updated layout includes a dedicated hall for modern art, ensuring that contemporary works are given space alongside the historical holdings. Within the galleries, the implementation of advanced lighting technology, such as Tunable White LEDs, allows for precise control over color temperature. This technical precision ensures that the specific details and colors of the paintings are presented under optimal conditions. The architecture facilitates a dialogue between the neoclassical exterior and the modern interior spaces.
topimpressionists.com/en/art/download/spring-by-jean-brusselmans/
Look closely
Spring — Jean Brusselmans
Answer in your own words. There are no wrong answers here — only answers you can explain.
Write a short paragraph about this artwork. Use the facts from the earlier parts of this guide, and your answers above.
Jean Brusselmans appears under the alternate names Jean-Baptiste Brusselmans, Jan Brusselmans.
The luminance recorded for "Spring" by Jean Brusselmans is gentle luminance.
"Spring" is available as a fine art print on cotton canvas or archival canvas paper. Orders are placed on its Fine Art Print page, in the size of your choice.