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      Nadar, 1820 – 1910

      Nadar: The 100 Best-Known Paintings

      Of all Nadar's paintings, Alexandre Dumas père (1802-1870) (1855) is the most famous; it hangs in the Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland. Close behind come Sarah Bernhardt (1864) and [Sarah Bernhardt as the Empress Theodora in Sardou (1889). Among the 261 works by Nadar in our catalogue, these 100 are the most celebrated, each shown with its date, its museum and its story.

      Ranked by our popularity score, which combines the searches, visits and orders for each work. Updated October 2026. Each painting on this page can be ordered as an oil reproduction painted by hand on linen canvas, or as a fine art print, made to the size you choose.

      Portrait of Nadar
      Nadar · 1820 – 1910
      Born · died
      1820 – 1910, rue Saint-Honoré
      Movement
      Pictorialism
      Works in our catalogue
      261
      Most famous
      Alexandre Dumas père (1802-1870) (1855)
      Most works at
      J. Paul Getty Museum

      Nadar's 10 most celebrated paintings

      Alexandre Dumas père (1802-1870) (1855) by Nadar
      1

      Alexandre Dumas père (1802-1870)

      1855 · Black and White Photography · Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland

      This arresting black and white portrait offers us an intimate encounter with Alexandre Dumas père, the celebrated author whose pen spun tales of adventure and romance across Europe. Taken in 1855 by the masterful lens of Nadar, this photograph transcends a mere likeness; it is a carefully preserved moment of intellectual repose. The composition centers on Dumas’s upper torso, presenting him with an air that is both formal for its…

      Sarah Bernhardt (1864) by Nadar
      2

      Sarah Bernhardt

      1864 · Acrylic On Canvas · J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles

      Félix Nadar’s “Sarah Bernhardt,” captured in 1864, transcends the conventional portrait and becomes a profound study of presence—a frozen moment of theatrical intensity. More than simply a likeness, it's an intimate revelation of the legendary actress herself, radiating both vulnerability and formidable strength. The photograph, executed with the meticulous precision characteristic of Nadar’s work, offers a rare glimpse into Bernhardt’s carefully constructed stage persona, yet simultaneously hints at the woman…

      [Sarah Bernhardt as the Empress Theodora in Sardou (1889) by Nadar
      3

      [Sarah Bernhardt as the Empress Theodora in Sardou

      1889 · Acrylic On Canvas · J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles

      Gaspard Félix Tournachon's photograph, "Sarah Bernhardt as the Empress Theodora in Sardou’s ‘Theodora’," transcends a simple portrait; it’s a frozen moment of theatrical power and profound emotional resonance. Executed in 1889, this albumen print captures the legendary actress at the height of her career, embodying the formidable figure of Byzantine empress Theodora within Victorien Sardou's dramatic play. Tournachon, already a master of capturing fleeting expressions and atmospheric detail, here utilizes…

      Paul and His Dog (1865) by Nadar
      4

      Paul and His Dog

      1865 · Black and White Photography · J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles

      In the quiet, silvered depths of Gaspard Félix Tournachon’s 1865 masterpiece, “Paul and His Dog,” we encounter a scene that transcends the boundaries of mere photography to become a profound meditation on the human condition. Captured during a period of immense historical upheaval, this work serves as an intimate window into a moment of stillness amidst the encro

      Égouts De Paris (1861) by Nadar
      5

      Égouts De Paris

      1861 · Black and White Photography

      We are looking at Égouts De Paris, a work produced by Nadar in 1861. This photograph captures the subterranean reality of Paris, France, focusing specifically on the city's sewer system. It is a rare glimpse into a space that remained hidden from the public eye during the mid-nineteenth century.

      Pierrot the Photographer (1854) by Nadar
      6

      Pierrot the Photographer

      1854 · Acrylic On Canvas · Musée d'Orsay, Paris

      Félix Nadar’s “Pierrot the Photographer,” created in 1854, isn't merely a portrait; it’s a meticulously constructed tableau vivant—a staged scene brimming with quiet observation and subtle commentary on the burgeoning world of photography. The image immediately draws the eye to Pierrot, a figure both familiar and unsettlingly modern, holding a camera poised as if capturing not just a likeness but an essence. He embodies the nascent spirit of the photographer…

      Claude Debussy (1908) by Nadar
      10

      Claude Debussy

      1908

      A Glimpse into Genius: Felix Nadar's Portrait of Claude Debussy This striking vintage photograph captures the renowned composer Claude Debussy in 1908, immortalized by the celebrated photographer Félix Nadar. More than just a likeness, this portrait offers a window into the soul of a musical innovator and reflects the burgeoning field of photography at the turn of the century. The image presents Debussy in a three-quarter view, his gaze directly…

      Nadar paintings ranked 11 to 100

      Nadar's canvases, period by period

      What Nadar painted most

      The four subjects that return most often on these canvases, each with its best-loved example.

      Where Nadar's canvases hang

      The 4 museums that hold the most of the paintings on this page.

      Museum City Works by Nadar Paintings from this list
      J. Paul Getty Museum, Los AngelesJ. Paul Getty Museum Los Angeles 3 Sarah Bernhardt, [Sarah Bernhardt as the Empress Theodora in Sardou, Paul and His Dog
      Cleveland Museum of Art, ClevelandCleveland Museum of Art Cleveland 1 Alexandre Dumas père (1802-1870)
      Musée d'Orsay, ParisMusée d'Orsay Paris 1 Pierrot the Photographer
      Julius Böhler AG Starnberg 1 Égouts De Paris

      Decade by decade: Nadar's most celebrated canvas

      1. 1850s
        Alexandre Dumas père (1802-1870) (1855) by Nadar
        Ranked 1 of 100

        Alexandre Dumas père (1802-1870)

        Age 30 – 39 · Cleveland Museum of Art

        This arresting black and white portrait offers us an intimate encounter with Alexandre Dumas père, the celebrated author whose pen spun tales of adventure and romance across Europe.…

      2. 1860s
        Sarah Bernhardt (1864) by Nadar
        2 of 100

        Sarah Bernhardt

        Age 40 – 49 · J. Paul Getty Museum

        Félix Nadar’s “Sarah Bernhardt,” captured in 1864, transcends the conventional portrait and becomes a profound study of presence—a frozen moment of theatrical intensity. More than simply a likeness,…

      3. 1870s
      4. 1880s
        [Sarah Bernhardt as the Empress Theodora in Sardou (1889) by Nadar
        Ranked 3 of 100

        [Sarah Bernhardt as the Empress Theodora in Sardou

        Age 60 – 69 · J. Paul Getty Museum

        Gaspard Félix Tournachon's photograph, "Sarah Bernhardt as the Empress Theodora in Sardou’s ‘Theodora’," transcends a simple portrait; it’s a frozen moment of theatrical power and profound emotional resonance.…

      5. 1890s
      6. 1900s
        Claude Debussy (1908) by Nadar
        Ranked 10 of 100

        Claude Debussy

        Age 80 – 89

        A Glimpse into Genius: Felix Nadar's Portrait of Claude Debussy This striking vintage photograph captures the renowned composer Claude Debussy in 1908, immortalized by the celebrated photographer Félix…

      Your questions on Nadar's paintings, answered

      Which is the most celebrated painting by Nadar?Read the answer

      Alexandre Dumas père (1802-1870) (1855), Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland. Sarah Bernhardt (1864) and [Sarah Bernhardt as the Empress Theodora in Sardou (1889) follow.

      How old was Nadar at the time of Alexandre Dumas père (1802-1870)?Read the answer

      Nadar, born in 1820, was 35 years old: Alexandre Dumas père (1802-1870) dates from 1855.

      Which ten paintings is Nadar most famous for?Read the answer

      Alexandre Dumas père (1802-1870), Sarah Bernhardt, [Sarah Bernhardt as the Empress Theodora in Sardou, Paul and His Dog, Égouts De Paris, Pierrot the Photographer, portraits François Guizot, portraits Gioacchino Rossini, Eugène Viollet le Duc and Claude Debussy. Each canvas in the ranking above comes with its year and its museum.

      How many paintings by Nadar are known?Read the answer

      261 works by Nadar are in our catalogue, dated 1850 to 1908.

      Which museums hold Nadar's best-known canvases?Read the answer

      Mostly in J. Paul Getty Museum (Los Angeles), Cleveland Museum of Art (Cleveland) and Musée d'Orsay (Paris); the list above names each museum and its canvases.

      In which years did Nadar paint the most celebrated canvases?Read the answer

      In 1860s, which gave 44 of the 100 works on this page, Sarah Bernhardt among them.

      What are the first and the last of Nadar's famous canvases?Read the answer

      The earliest canvas here is Gustave Courbet (1850); the latest is Claude Debussy (1908).

      Which subjects return most often in Nadar's paintings?Read the answer

      Photography (13), Portrait (11) and Victorian era (7), across the 100 works on this page.

      What did Nadar usually paint with?Read the answer

      Black and White Photography, used in 3 of the 100 works on this page.

      To which art movement does Nadar belong?Read the answer

      Pictorialism, as the canvases on this page show.

      What can I see by Nadar at the J. Paul Getty Museum?Read the answer

      The J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles holds 3 of the works on this page, among them Sarah Bernhardt, [Sarah Bernhardt as the Empress Theodora in Sardou and Paul and His Dog.

      Can I order a hand-painted copy of a painting by Nadar?Read the answer

      Yes. Every painting on this page can be ordered from its own page as an oil reproduction painted by hand, or as a fine art print, in the size you choose.

      Nadar: the painter's story

      Félix Nadar: A Pioneer of Photography

      Early Life and Beginnings

      • Born: Gaspard-Félix Tournachon on April 5, 1820, in Paris (though some sources suggest Lyon).
      • His father, Victor Tournachon, was a printer and bookseller.
      • Initially studied medicine but abandoned it due to financial constraints after his father’s death.
      • Nadar, as he became known, began his career as a caricaturist and novelist, contributing to various newspapers.

      From Caricature to Photography

      • Began experimenting with photography around 1853.
      • Opened his first photographic studio in 1854 at 113 rue St. Lazare, later moving to 35 Boulevard des Capucines in 1860.
      • Quickly gained recognition for his striking and psychologically insightful portraits.
      • Rejection of Convention: Nadar eschewed the opulent backdrops common in portraiture, preferring natural light and a focus on the sitter’s personality.

      Pioneering Aerial Photography

      • In 1858, Nadar became the first person to take aerial photographs using balloons.
      • Overcame technical challenges related to developing photographic plates at altitude by inventing a gas-proof cotton cover for his balloon baskets.
      • Also pioneered artificial lighting in photography, notably within the Paris Catacombs.
      • Le Géant: Commissioned the construction of a massive balloon named “Le Géant” (The Giant) in 1863, inspiring Jules Verne’s *Five Weeks in a Balloon*.

      Major Achievements and Influences

      • Portraiture: Photographed numerous prominent figures including Victor Hugo, Charles Baudelaire, Sarah Bernhardt, and Gustave Courbet.
      • Established the world’s first airmail service during the Siege of Paris (1870-71) using balloon flights.
      • Hosted the first Impressionist exhibition in his studio in 1874, providing a crucial platform for emerging artists.
      • Published what is considered the first photo-interview in 1886, featuring chemist Michel Eugène Chevreul.

      Later Life and Legacy

      • Moved his studio to Marseille from 1895 to 1909.
      • Died on March 20, 1910, in Paris and is buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery.
      • His son, Paul Nadar, continued the studio’s operations after his death.
      • Quand j’étais photographe: Published a memoir reflecting on his life and work, offering valuable insights into 19th-century photography.
      • Historical Significance: Nadar's innovative techniques and artistic vision profoundly impacted the development of photography as an art form. His portraits remain iconic representations of Parisian intellectual and artistic circles.

      All 261 works by Nadar →