Antoine Auguste Joseph Payen: Pioneer of Orientalist Landscape Painting Antoine Auguste Joseph Payen (1792 – 1853), often referred to as Antoine Payen the Younger, stands as a pivotal figure in Belgian art history and a significant contributor to the burgeoning field of orientalist landscape painting during the early 19th century. Born in Brussels, his artistic lineage traced back to his father, Antoine Payen the Elder, who practiced…