early life and training Charles Louis Müller, born in Paris on December 22, 1815, embarked on his artistic journey under the tutelage of luminaries like Léon Cogniet and Baron Gros at the École des Beaux-Arts—a prestigious institution that nurtured talent and fostered innovation. This formative period instilled in him a profound understanding of neoclassical principles and established a foundation for his future endeavors. Müller’s ded…