Tingqua (Ruolun): A Bridge Between East and West in Qing Dynasty Painting Born in Guangzhou, China, in 1800 – though the exact year remains somewhat debated – Tingqua, also known as Ruolun, stands as a pivotal figure in 19th-century Chinese art. His life coincided with a period of immense transformation for China, marked by increasing engagement with the West and a burgeoning export trade. More than just a painter, Tingqua was an inno…