Kang Kuk-jin: Pioneer of Korean Avant-Garde Kang Kuk-jin (강국진; 1939–1992) stands as a monumental figure in Korean art history, recognized as the inaugural proponent of “happening” and “technology” art—a radical departure from prevailing artistic conventions during his era. Born in Seoul, South Korea, Kang’s artistic journey began with formative influences rooted in European Surrealism and Abstract Expressionism, propelling him toward experimentation with diverse media and challenging established aesthetic norms. He founded the Nonkkol Art Group, establishing a vibrant intellectual and creati…