Cecilio Pla y Gallardo: A Painter of Rural Spain Cecilio Pla y Gallardo (1860 – 1934) emerged from Valencia, Spain, as a pivotal figure in the Costumbrismo movement—a genre singularly devoted to portraying the lived experience and landscapes of Spanish rural society. Though largely unrecognized during his lifetime, Pla’s legacy persists through his influential role at San Fernando Academy and his enduring contribution to Spanish artis…