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      彼得·莱利, 1618 – 1680

      彼得·莱利: The 100 Best-Known Paintings

      Of all 彼得·莱利's paintings, Queen Mary II (1677) is the most famous; it hangs in the 国家肖像美术馆, 伦敦. Close behind come James VII and II, when Duke of York (1661) and Portrait of a man, thought to be George Booth, Lord Delamere (1660). Among the 240 works by 彼得·莱利 in our catalogue, these 100 are the most celebrated, each shown with its date, its museum and its story.

      Ranked by our popularity score, which combines the searches, visits and orders for each work. Updated October 2026. Each painting on this page can be ordered as an oil reproduction painted by hand on linen canvas, or as a fine art print, made to the size you choose.

      Portrait of 彼得·莱利
      彼得·莱利 · 1618 – 1680
      Born · died
      1618 – 1680, 索斯特
      Movement
      Baroque style
      Works in our catalogue
      240
      Most famous
      Queen Mary II (1677)
      Most works at
      国家肖像美术馆

      彼得·莱利's 10 most celebrated paintings

      Queen Mary II (1677) by 彼得·莱利
      1

      Queen Mary II

      1677 · Oil On Canvas · 国家肖像美术馆, 伦敦

      In this oil on canvas, Peter Lely captures Queen Mary II at a threshold of life and sovereignty. Painted about 1677, the portrait finds the subject at the age of fifteen. She is the eldest daughter of James, Duke of York, and Anne Hyde. A quiet stillness settles over the young woman, even as her life moves toward the gravity of the throne.

      James VII and II, when Duke of York (1661) by 彼得·莱利
      2

      James VII and II, when Duke of York

      1661 · Oil On Canvas · 苏格兰国家肖像画廊, Edinburgh

      In this commanding 1661 portrait, Sir Peter Lely captures the essence of a man destined for the throne: James VII and II during his tenure as the Duke of York. The painting serves as a breathtaking window into the late Stuart period, presenting a subject of profound importance with an air of effortless sophistication. Clad in a magnificent gold coat that catches the light, accented by a striking red sash,…

      Portrait of a man, thought to be George Booth, Lord Delamere (1660) by 彼得·莱利
      3

      Portrait of a man, thought to be George Booth, Lord Delamere

      1660 · Oil On Canvas · 南澳大利亚美术馆, 阿德莱德

      A man of significant standing is captured in this mid-seventeenth-century oil on canvas, his presence defined by a heavy, dark suit and a prominent collar. He holds a piece of paper, a gesture suggesting literacy, legal authority, or perhaps a specific political mandate. His long, curly hair and well-groomed beard frame a face marked by intricate detail, conveying a sense of individual temperament. The composition focuses on the interplay between…

      Henrietta Boyle, Countess of Rochester (1646-1687) (1665) by 彼得·莱利
      4

      Henrietta Boyle, Countess of Rochester (1646-1687)

      1665 · Oil On Canvas · 汉普顿宫, 伦敦

      The sitter emerges from a shadowed landscape, a vision of 17th-century nobility caught in a moment of quiet poise. Henrietta Boyle, Countess of Rochester, is rendered with a serene expression that masks a subtle, underlying gravity. Her gown, a luminous sky blue, catches the light from the upper left, casting soft shadows into the voluminous folds of silk. A string of pearls rests against her neck, their pale luster contrasting…

      Portrait of Elizabeth Lady Monson (1665) by 彼得·莱利
      5

      Portrait of Elizabeth Lady Monson

      1665 · Oil On Canvas · 伯明翰博物馆与美术馆, 伯明翰

      The room seems to quiet as Elizabeth Lady Monson meets the viewer's gaze. She sits in a three-quarter length pose, her body angled with a poise that speaks of a life lived within the high circles of the court. A deep, cerulean blue velvet gown envelops her, the heavy fabric catching the light in a way that suggests both weight and a soft, lustrous sheen. This intense blue cuts through…

      Portrait of Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658) (1653) by 彼得·莱利
      6

      Portrait of Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658)

      1653 · Oil · 伯明翰博物馆与美术馆, 伯明翰

      This formal and somber seventeenth-century oil portrait depicts Oliver Cromwell in a bust-length composition. Positioned slightly off-center and looking toward the right of the frame, the subject is presented within a painted trompe l'oeil oval frame. The color palette is dominated by dark, earthy tones, including deep browns, blacks, and shadows, which contrast sharply against the bright white of the subject's collar and the metallic highlights of his armor.

      Portrait of Lady Penelope Spencer (1660) by 彼得·莱利
      7

      Portrait of Lady Penelope Spencer

      1660 · Oil On Canvas · 明尼阿波利斯艺术学院, 明尼阿波利斯

      The air feels heavy with the scent of damp earth and blooming roses as Lady Penelope Spencer pauses in a quiet, shadowed landscape. She exists in a moment of poised stillness, her gaze meeting the viewer with a grace that suggests both high status and a gentle, private thought. The light, streaming from the upper left, washes over her skin with a soft, luminous glow, catching the delicate curve of…

      亨丽埃塔·玛丽亚女王 英格兰 (1660) by 彼得·莱利
      8

      亨丽埃塔·玛丽亚女王 英格兰

      1660 · 布面丙烯 · 康德博物馆, 尚蒂伊

      皮埃特·凡德法斯(Peter Lely),生於德國索伊斯特,是一位跨越兩大陸域的藝術家,最終成為英國晚期斯圖亞特時期最傑出的宮廷畫家。他的藝術生涯始於三十年戰爭的動盪之中,荷蘭血統塑造了他對藝術的敏銳感知,深深紮根於北歐傳統和巴洛克風格。他最初在哈爾勒學會聖路加指導下學習繪畫技巧,這為他早期的作品奠定了堅實基礎。然而,他在約1643年移居英國之後,徹底改變了他的身份,從熟練工藝師轉變為宮廷成員和塑造英國藝術認知的關鍵人物。

      Portrait of George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, English Admiral and Statesman (1675) by 彼得·莱利
      9

      Portrait of George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, English Admiral and Statesman

      1675 · Oil On Canvas · 国家博物馆, 阿姆斯特丹

      The Portrait of George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, English Admiral and Statesman is an oil on canvas work by the artist Pieter Van Der Faes (Peter Lely). This portrait captures George Monk (1608-69), 1st Duke of Albemarle, in a moment of formal stillness. The paint holds the weight of a man defined by his titles and his service to the crown.

      Edward Montagu, first Earl of Sandwich (1660) by 彼得·莱利
      10

      Edward Montagu, first Earl of Sandwich

      1660 · Oil On Canvas · 耶鲁英国艺术中心, 纽黑文

      Edward Montagu, first Earl of Sandwich, is presented in a formal, full-length Baroque portrait that asserts his high social standing and political importance. He stands with an imposing presence, his figure slightly off-center against a dark, shadowy background. The composition utilizes a vertical arrangement to emphasize his stature. Light enters from the upper left, striking his face and the brilliant white satin of his garments, while the rest of the…

      彼得·莱利 paintings ranked 11 to 100

      Sir Ralph Bankes (1660) by 彼得·莱利
      #11

      Sir Ralph Bankes

      1660 · 耶鲁英国艺术中心

      A young man sits suspended in a moment of quietude, his presence defined by the heavy, luminous folds of a golden ochre silk robe. The fabric catches a…

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      Portrait Of Sir John Nicholas (1667) by 彼得·莱利
      #13

      Portrait Of Sir John Nicholas

      1667 · 伯明翰博物馆与美术馆

      A three-quarter length portrait of a nobleman, positioned slightly off-center and leaning against a classical stone plinth. The subject, Sir John Nicholas, is rendered with a calm expression…

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      Lady Diana Bruce (died 1672) (1665) by 彼得·莱利
      #15

      Lady Diana Bruce (died 1672)

      1665 · 苏格兰国家美术馆

      In this 1665 portrait, we encounter Lady Diana Bruce in a moment of quiet, aristocratic poise. She is positioned in a three-quarter view, her silhouette emerging from a…

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      Nymphs by a Fountain (1650) by 彼得·莱利
      #17

      Nymphs by a Fountain

      1650 · 达尔威奇画廊

      Nymphs by a Fountain is an oil on canvas by Peter Lely. The artist, born in Soest, Germany, in 1618, produced this work around 1650. Lely remained a…

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      Portrait of a Lady (1659) by 彼得·莱利
      #22

      Portrait of a Lady

      1659 · 白金汉宫

      This three-quarter length portrait presents a noblewoman positioned slightly off-center, creating a balanced yet dynamic arrangement. The subject is depicted with a sense of poised dignity, her skin…

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      Henry Marten (Martin) (1650) by 彼得·莱利
      #26

      Henry Marten (Martin)

      1650 · 国家肖像美术馆

      This portrait, titled Henry Marten (Martin), was executed by the artist Peter Lely. The work dates to about 1650. It depicts the subject, Henry Marten, in a bust-length…

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      Sir Peter Lely (1660) by 彼得·莱利
      #29

      Sir Peter Lely

      1660 · 国家肖像美术馆

      In this three-quarter length portrait, we encounter a man captured with a quiet, dignified presence. Painted by the hand of Peter Lely, the work dates to about 1660,…

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      Simon Patrick (1680) by 彼得·莱利
      #30

      Simon Patrick

      1680 · 国家肖像美术馆

      This oil on canvas portrait depicts Simon Patrick and was executed by the artist Peter Lely. The work is dated about 1668. It is held within the National…

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      Portrait of a Lady. (1650) by 彼得·莱利
      #32

      Portrait of a Lady.

      1650 · 华沙国家博物馆

      In this 1659 portrait, we encounter a young woman emerging from a deep, near-black background. The composition is a bust-length study, positioned slightly off-center to create a sense…

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      John Ogilby (1662) by 彼得·莱利
      #33

      John Ogilby

      1662 · 博德利图书馆

      This portrait of John Ogilby, executed by Peter Lely, offers a quiet glimpse into the likeness of a man of significant intellectual pursuits. Created in 1662, the work…

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      The Letter (1650) by 彼得·莱利
      #34

      The Letter

      1650 · 底特律艺术学院

      A young woman reclines in a state of repose, her pale skin emerging from a dark, indistinct background through a dramatic use of chiaroscuro. Beside her, an older,…

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      Bartholomew Beale (1670) by 彼得·莱利
      #36

      Bartholomew Beale

      1670 · 达尔威奇画廊

      This portrait of Bartholomew Beale, painted by Sir Peter Lely, captures a young man at a threshold of identity. Created about 1670, the work presents the son of…

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      King James II (1667) by 彼得·莱利
      #37

      King James II

      1667 · 国家肖像美术馆

      This oil on canvas portrait, titled King James II, was executed by the artist Peter Lely. The work is dated about 1667. It depicts a man, identified as…

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      Abraham Cowley (1666) by 彼得·莱利
      #47

      Abraham Cowley

      1666 · 国家肖像美术馆

      In this portrait, the poet Abraham Cowley is captured by the brush of Sir Peter Lely. The sitter emerges from a dark, heavy atmosphere, his presence defined by…

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      Sir Edward Nicholas (1662) by 彼得·莱利
      #48

      Sir Edward Nicholas

      1662 · 国家肖像美术馆

      This portrait by Peter Lely depicts Sir Edward Nicholas. Dated 1662, the work presents the subject as a man of significant political standing. Nicholas was an English officeholder…

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      Henry Stone (1648) by 彼得·莱利
      #84

      Henry Stone

      1648 · 国家肖像美术馆

      Henry Stone is a portrait executed by Peter Lely in 1648. The work captures the subject in a three-quarter length composition, presenting a formal study of character and…

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      彼得·莱利's canvases, period by period

      What 彼得·莱利 painted most

      The four subjects that return most often on these canvases, each with its best-loved example.

      Where 彼得·莱利's canvases hang

      The 8 museums that hold the most of the paintings on this page.

      Museum City Works by 彼得·莱利 Paintings from this list
      国家肖像美术馆, 伦敦国家肖像美术馆 伦敦 18 Queen Mary II, Arthur Capel, 1st Earl of Essex; Elizabeth, Countess of Essex, George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham
      Petworth House, PetworthPetworth House Petworth 10 Lady Anne Percy, Lady Stanhope (1633-1654) or Lady Isabella Sydney, Viscountess Strangford (d.1663), The Three Younger Children of Charles I, Lady Elizabeth Percy, Lady Capel, later Countess of Essex (1636 - 1717/18)
      伯明翰博物馆与美术馆, 伯明翰伯明翰博物馆与美术馆 伯明翰 6 Portrait of Elizabeth Lady Monson, Portrait of Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658), Portrait Of Sir John Nicholas
      耶鲁英国艺术中心, 纽黑文耶鲁英国艺术中心 纽黑文 6 Edward Montagu, first Earl of Sandwich, Sir Ralph Bankes, Diana Kirke, later Countess of Oxford
      Ham HouseHam House 14 Elizabeth Murray, Countess of Dysart, later Duchess of Lauderdale (1626-1698), Sir William Compton (1625-1663), An Unknown Gentleman, called Lionel Tollemache, 3rd Earl of Dysart (1649-1727)
      苏格兰国家肖像画廊, Edinburgh苏格兰国家肖像画廊 Edinburgh 8 James VII and II, when Duke of York, John Maitland, 2nd Earl and 1st Duke of Lauderdale, 1616 - 1682. Statesman, John Hay, 1st Marquess of Tweeddale, 1626 - 1697. Lord High Chancellor of Scotland
      汉普顿宫, 伦敦汉普顿宫 伦敦 11 Henrietta Boyle, Countess of Rochester (1646-1687), Anne Hyde, Duchess of York (1637-71), Margaret Brooke, Lady Denham (ca 1647-67)
      Kingston Lacy, Wimborne MinsterKingston Lacy Wimborne Minster 7 N. Wray, The Penitent Magdalen, Sir Ralph Bankes, MP (?1631-1677)

      Decade by decade: 彼得·莱利's most celebrated canvas

      1. 1640s
        Diana and her Nymphs at a Fountain (1648) by 彼得·莱利
        Canvas 39 of 100

        Diana and her Nymphs at a Fountain

        Age 22 – 31 · 耶鲁英国艺术中心

        The oil painting titled Diana and her Nymphs at a Fountain captures a moment of classical myth. It was executed by the artist Peter Lely. The work dates…

      2. 1650s
        Portrait of Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658) (1653) by 彼得·莱利
        6 of 100

        Portrait of Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658)

        Age 32 – 41 · 伯明翰博物馆与美术馆

        This formal and somber seventeenth-century oil portrait depicts Oliver Cromwell in a bust-length composition. Positioned slightly off-center and looking toward the right of the frame, the subject is…

      3. 1660s
        James VII and II, when Duke of York (1661) by 彼得·莱利
        Canvas 2 of 100

        James VII and II, when Duke of York

        Age 42 – 51 · 苏格兰国家肖像画廊

        In this commanding 1661 portrait, Sir Peter Lely captures the essence of a man destined for the throne: James VII and II during his tenure as the Duke…

      4. 1670s
        Queen Mary II (1677) by 彼得·莱利
        Canvas 1 of 100

        Queen Mary II

        Age 52 – 61 · 国家肖像美术馆

        In this oil on canvas, Peter Lely captures Queen Mary II at a threshold of life and sovereignty. Painted about 1677, the portrait finds the subject at the…

      5. 1680s
        Simon Patrick (1680) by 彼得·莱利
        Ranked 30 of 100

        Simon Patrick

        Age 62 · 国家肖像美术馆

        This oil on canvas portrait depicts Simon Patrick and was executed by the artist Peter Lely. The work is dated about 1668. It is held within the National…

      Your questions on 彼得·莱利's paintings, answered

      Which is the most celebrated painting by 彼得·莱利?Read the answer

      Queen Mary II (1677), 国家肖像美术馆, 伦敦. James VII and II, when Duke of York (1661) and Portrait of a man, thought to be George Booth, Lord Delamere (1660) follow.

      How old was 彼得·莱利 at the time of Queen Mary II?Read the answer

      彼得·莱利, born in 1618, was 59 years old: Queen Mary II dates from 1677.

      Which ten paintings is 彼得·莱利 most famous for?Read the answer

      Queen Mary II, James VII and II, when Duke of York, Portrait of a man, thought to be George Booth, Lord Delamere, Henrietta Boyle, Countess of Rochester (1646-1687), Portrait of Elizabeth Lady Monson, Portrait of Oliver Cromwell (1599-1658), Portrait of Lady Penelope Spencer, 亨丽埃塔·玛丽亚女王 英格兰, Portrait of George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, English Admiral and Statesman and Edward Montagu, first Earl of Sandwich. Each canvas in the ranking above comes with its year and its museum.

      How many paintings by 彼得·莱利 are known?Read the answer

      240 works by 彼得·莱利 are in our catalogue, dated 1640 to 1680.

      Which museums hold 彼得·莱利's best-known canvases?Read the answer

      Mostly in 国家肖像美术馆 (伦敦), Petworth House (Petworth) and 伯明翰博物馆与美术馆 (伯明翰); the list above names each museum and its canvases.

      In which years did 彼得·莱利 paint the most celebrated canvases?Read the answer

      In 1660s, which gave 41 of the 100 works on this page, James VII and II, when Duke of York among them.

      What are the first and the last of 彼得·莱利's famous canvases?Read the answer

      The earliest canvas here is John Bainbridge (1582–1643) and daughter (1640); the latest is Simon Patrick (1680).

      Which subjects return most often in 彼得·莱利's paintings?Read the answer

      Man (24), Woman (19) and Lace (12), across the 100 works on this page.

      What did 彼得·莱利 usually paint with?Read the answer

      Oil On Canvas, used in 40 of the 100 works on this page.

      To which art movement does 彼得·莱利 belong?Read the answer

      Baroque style, as the canvases on this page show.

      What can I see by 彼得·莱利 at the 国家肖像美术馆?Read the answer

      The 国家肖像美术馆, 伦敦 holds 15 of the works on this page, among them Queen Mary II, Arthur Capel, 1st Earl of Essex; Elizabeth, Countess of Essex and George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham.

      Can I order a hand-painted copy of a painting by 彼得·莱利?Read the answer

      Yes. Every painting on this page can be ordered from its own page as an oil reproduction painted by hand, or as a fine art print, in the size you choose.

      彼得·莱利: the painter's story

      彼得·利利爵士:宫廷中的梦幻画师

      1618年出生于威斯特法伦索斯特的彼得·利利爵士,是一位生命轨迹横跨两大洲的人物。他的艺术生涯最终使他成为了斯图亚特王朝晚期英国宫廷中无可争议的肖像画大师。他的艺术旅程始于三十年战争的动荡之中,其荷兰血统塑造了一种深植于北欧传统与蓬勃发展的巴洛克风格之间的艺术感性。最初,他在哈勒姆师从圣路加行会大师彼得·德·格雷伯学习,并在弗拉芒绘画细致入微的技法中磨炼才华——这一根基对其早期作品产生了深远影响。然而,真正定义其艺术遗产的,是他在1643年左右移居英国的经历,这一转变让他从一名技艺精湛的匠人蜕变为宫廷成员,并成为塑造英国艺术身份的关键人物。

      早年岁月与影响:连接南北的纽带

      利利的早期绘画展现了一种迷人的影响力的融合。起初,他创作神话题材与宗教场景,作品常置于田园诗般的风景之中——这种风格让人联想起安东尼·范·戴克,后者在1641年英年早逝之前已深受英国宫廷的追捧。这些作品体现了对范·戴克优雅构图、精致人物以及对光影大师级运用的高度钦佩。然而,利利的绘画同时也拥有一种鲜明的质朴感,反映了哈勒姆的传统并融入了北欧现实主义元素。他深受荷兰巴洛克风格的影响,这在其对细节的关注、鲜艳的色彩运用以及动态的布局中可见一斑。此外,那个时代由英国内战带来的政治动荡,无疑塑造了利利的艺术选择,促使他的创作转向更为亲密的肖像画,旨在捕捉那些出入宫廷人士的独特个性。

      宫廷画师与皇家赞助:新时代的开启

      随着1660年王政复辟,利利的职业生涯迎来了显著的复兴。他被任命为国王查理二世的首席御用画家,这一职位此前由范·戴克担任,标志着对其艺术价值及风格持久魅力的明确认可。这一任命带来了丰厚的特权,包括优渥的津贴以及接触皇家收藏的机会。利利的肖像画变得极受欢迎,捕捉了从朝臣、贵族到皇室成员等众多显赫人物的神韵。他既能赋予受访者尊严,又能展现其魅力,这种能力巩固了他作为宫廷首屈一指画家的地位。值得注意的是,他甚至为奥利弗·克伦威尔和理查德·克伦威尔画像,并为这位前护国公提供了令人惊讶的坦率描绘,展现出他捕捉现实而非仅仅追求理想化的艺术态度。

      风格与技法:光影与形态的大师

      利利的艺术风格以优雅、高贵和卓越的技艺为特征。他拥有一种惊人的能力,能以极高的写实度呈现织物的质感——这是其肖像画的一大标志——而他对光影的处理创造出一种深邃的氛围感,令观者沉醉其中。虽然最初受到范·达克精致风格的影响,但利利后来发展出一种更加强健且富有表现力的风格,赋予其作品中的人物以鲜明的个性和性格。他的构图往往充满动态与吸引力,引导观众的视线聚焦于画面中的关键元素。此外,他还是古典大师素描的热衷收藏家,这无疑深化了他对解剖学、透视法及艺术原则的理解。

      遗产与历史意义

      彼得·利利爵士对英国艺术的影响是无可辩驳的。他建立了一种延续数代的宫廷肖像画传统,塑造了君主制内权力与地位的视觉呈现方式。他的影响力超越了单纯的技术层面;他培养了一种艺术自信与创新精神,为王政复辟时期艺术的繁荣做出了贡献。尽管由于需要为宫廷创作大量肖像,他的风格有时会趋向于重复——这常被视为一种时代的必然特征——但利利的艺术遗产作为英国最重要且最具影响力的画家之一,依然稳固不拔。他的作品因其美感、优雅以及对人类性格的深刻洞察而持续受到赞赏,在艺术史上确立了其“宫廷中的梦幻画师”这一永恒地位。

      All 240 works by 彼得·莱利 →