Famous Surrealist Umetnici: A Catalogue of 86 Masters

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Remedios Varo 1908–1963

Špansko-meksička Born in Anglès Para-surrealizam Wikipedia, 19 of 32 languages

U tišini svog ateljea, Remedios Varo radila je sa pedantnošću koja je odjekivala u tehničkim crtežima njenog oca, hidrauličnog inženjera. Njeno odrastanje u Anglesu u Španiji pružilo je temelj dualnosti. Kroz svet je koračala radoznalim okom, upijajući pejzaže svojih čestih selidbi i formalno obrazovanje stečeno na Kraljevskoj akademiji lepih umetnosti San Fernando u Madridu.

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Леонора Карингтон 1917–2011

Британско-мексичка Born in Clayton-le-Woods Сурреализам Wikipedia, 22 of 32 languages

Rođena kao Meri Леонора Карингтон 1917. године usred bujnih pejzaža Клејтон Вудса u Lankširu, Engleska, umetnica koja će postati ključna figura surrealizma, od najranijih godina bila je pojedinac koji se izdvajao od okoline. Formalno obrazovanje umetnice nastavilo je u Londonu, u Čelsionoj školi umetnosti (1935), nakon čega su usledile studije na Akademiji Ozenfant, gde je usavršavala svoje tehničke veštine.

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Iv Tangi 1900–1955

Francuso-Amerikanac Born in 8. арондисман Париза Surrealizam Wikipedia, 26 of 32 languages

Ključni trenutak nastupio je 1923. godine kada je, vozeći autobus kroz Pariz, ugledao slike Đorđija De Čirika. Tangijev život je prešao još jedan značajan zaokret 1939. godine kada je pobegao iz Evrope sa svojom prvom ženom, Žanet Djukrok, bežeći od nadolazeće senke Drugog svetskog rata. Postao je naturalizovani državljanin SAD 1948. godine, na kraju se naselivši u Vudberiju, u Kentakiju.

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Доротеја Таннинг 1910–2012

Američka Born in Гејлсбург Surrealizam Wikipedia, 20 of 32 languages

Doroteja Margaret Tanin, rođena 25. avgusta 1910. godine u Galesburgu, Ilinois, potekla je iz loze švedskih imigranata, nasleđujući tihu čvrstinu koja će suptilno podupirati njenu smelu i maštovitu umetnost. Kratko boravište na Knox koledžu između 1ud28. i 1930. godine ustupilo je mesto privlačnosti Čikaga, a potom, 1935. godine, i vibrantnoj energiji Njujorka. Izložbe koje je organizovao Žiljen Levi 1944. i 1948. godine pružile su platformu njenom jedinstvenom glasu.

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Leonor Fini 1907–1996

Argentinska-italijanska Born in Буенос Ајрес Surrealizam Wikipedia, 16 of 32 languages

Rođena u Buenos Airesu 1907. godine, a odgajana usred nestalnih pejzaža Trsta u Italiji, Leonor Fini bila je umetnica čiji je sam život delovao kao neprestani čin transformacije. Brzo se uronila u vibrantnu nadrealističku scenu, stežući prijateljstva sa ljudima kao što su Paul Éluard, Max Ernst (sa kojim je imala značajnu ljubavnu vezu), Georges Bataille, Henri Cartier-Bresson, Picasso, André Pieyre de Mandiargues i Salvador Dalí.

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Андре Масон 1896–1987

Француски Born in Балањи сир Терен ['Суреализам', 'Кубизам'] Wikipedia, 21 of 32 languages

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Meret Oppenheim 1913–1985

Švajcarsko-nemačka Born in Berlin Surrealizam Wikipedia, 18 of 32 languages

Rođena u Berlinu, u Nemačkoj, 1913. godine, Meret Oppenheim je odrastala u svetu koji je bio na pragu velike transformacije. Zanimljivost: Ime je dobila po Meretlein, liku iz dela Gottfrieda Kellera pod nazivom "Zeleni Henri". Nakon što se 1932. godine preselila u Pariz, Meret Oppenheim je započela svoj umetnički put prtivši se u akademske krugove Académie de la Grande Chaumière.

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Wifredo Lam 1902–1982

Kubački Born in Сагва ла Гранде Surrealizam, Kubizam Wikipedia, 16 of 32 languages

Wifredo Óscar de la Concepción Lam y Castilla, poznat jednostavno kao Wifredo Lam, bio je slikar koji je u svom delu otelotvorio složenost kulturnog identiteta 20. veka. Rođen na Kubi, u Sagua La Grande 1902. godine, njegovo poreklo je samo po sebi pričalo slojevitu istoriju ostrva – sa ocem poreklom od kineskih imigranata i majkom čiji su koreni vodili ka španskim konkvistadorima i robljenim Afrikanima.

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Viktor Brauner 1903–1966

Rumunsko-francuska Born in Пјатра Њамц Surrealizam Wikipedia, 14 of 32 languages

Viktor Brauner, rođen u Pjatra Neamcu u Rumuniji 1903. godine, započeo je umetničko putovanje duboko isprepleteno duhovnim strujama i nemirnim istraživanjem forme. Privlačnost Pariza bila je neodoljiva, pa je Brauner svoje prvo putovanje tamo započeo 1925. godine, vrativši se ponovo 1927.

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Roberto Matta 1911–2002

Čileanac Born in Santiago ['Surrealizam', 'Apstraktni ekspresionizam'] Wikipedia, 15 of 32 languages

Rođen: 11. novembra 1911, Santiago, Čile Preminuo: 23. marta 2002, Civitavecchia, Italija Roberto Sebastián Antonio Matta Echaurren, široko poznat kao Roberto Matta, bio je čileanski slikar i arhitekta koji je ostavio neizbrisiv trag na apstraktni ekspresionizam i nadrealističku umetnost. Put ka umetničkoj veličini počeo je kroz strogu disciplinu arhitekture, koju je usavršavao na Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, gde je diplomirao 1935. godine.

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Феликс Нусбаум 1904–1944

Nemačko-židjevski Born in Оснабрик Surealizam, Nova objektivnost Wikipedia, 17 of 32 languages

Rođen u Osnabrücku, Nemačka, 1904. godine, njegov život se razvijao na pozadini rastućeg nacionalizma i eskalirajućeg progona, kulminirajući užasima Holokausta. Nussbaumov umetnički put započeo je formalnim studijama u Hamburgu i Berlinu 1920. godine, nastavljajući koliko god su okolnosti dozvolile.

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Џозеф Корнел 1903–1972

Amerikanac Born in Најак Asemblaž, Nadrealizam Wikipedia, 14 of 32 languages

Jozef Kornel, rođen na Badnji dan 1903. godine u Njaku, Njujork, ostaje jedna od najjedinstvenijih i najdublje potresnijih figura američke umetnosti. Iako se uglavnom školovao sam, izloženost rastućem nadrealističkom pokretu u Njujorku tokom 1930-ih godina pokazala se ključnom. Sanljiva logika i prihvatanje iracionalnog koje je pronašao u radovima umetnika poput Maksa Ernsta i Renea Magrita duboko su rezonirali sa njegovom sopstvenom sklonošću poetskom montažama.

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Ernst Fuchs 1930–2015

Austrijski Born in Беч Fantastični realizam Wikipedia, 16 of 32 languages

Ernst Fuchs (1930–2015) bio je mnogo više od običnog slikara; bio je multidisciplinarni vizionar koji je utkao niti skulpture, arhitekture, muzike i poezije kako bi stvorio jedinstven, halucinogen univerzum. Rođen u Beču tokom perioda dubokih istorijskih promena, Fuchs je iz ruševina posleratne ere izronio ne sa očajem, već sa neugasivom žudnjom za uzvišenim. Srce Fuksove baštine leži u njegovoj ulozi temeljnog stuba Bečke škole fantastičnog realizma.

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Paul Delvaux 1897–1994

Belgijski Born in Ванзе Nadrealizam Wikipedia, 24 of 32 languages

Пол Делво је došao na svet 23. septembra 1897. godine u Antheitu, mestu u belgijskoj pokrajini Liž, koje je kasnije postalo deo Vanzea. Ovaj kretanje između provincialnog pejzaža Liža i urbanog centra Brisela pružilo je temeljni kontrast njegovim kasnijim, jedinstvenim opsesijama. Živeo je dug život, ostavši aktivan u svojim umetničkim težnjama sve do smrti 20. jula 1994. godine.

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Dora Maar 1907–1997

French Born in 6th arrondissement of Paris Surrealist Photography Wikipedia, 22 of 32 languages

Early Life and Artistic Beginnings: Born in Paris to a Croatian architect father and a French mother, Maar’s early years were spent in Buenos Aires. She began her artistic journey formally at the École de Beaux-Arts and the Académie Julian in Paris, honing her skills in painting before gravitating towards photography. Following her introduction to Pablo Picasso in 1935, she became deeply involved in leftist groups like “masses” and the Union of Intellectuals against Fascism, reflecting a commitment to social justice that permeated much of her work.

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Elza Šapijareli 1890–1973

Italijanska Born in Rim Surrealistička moda

Njen otac, Celestino Šjapareli, čuveni naučnik za islamska istraživanja i sanskrit, negovao je okruženje bogato znanjem, dok je njen ujak, astronom Đovani Šjapareli – poznat po svojim zapažanjima o martovskim „kanalima“ – u njoj probudio doživotnu fascinaciju kosmosom i nekonvencionalnim.

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Pol Neš 1889–1946

Britanac Born in Kennington Surrealizam, Modernizam

Obrazovanje: Pohađao je Parsons School of Art, a kasnije i Slade School of Fine Art. Surrealističke težnje: Iako nije bio striktni pripadnik nadrealizma, Nash je bio pod snažnim uticajem ovog pokreta, naročito nakon posete izložbi Giorgia de Chirico 1928. godine. Grupa "Unit One": Godine 1933. suosnivač je grupe Unit One, zajedno sa Benom Nicholsonom i Barbarom Hepworth, što je bio značajan trenutak unutar britanske umetničke scene.

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Luis Roijo rođen 1954

Španac Born in Ољаља Fantastična ilustracija

Kasne sedamdesete bile su svedoci Royevih prvih objavljenih radova, koji su se pojavili u uticajnim španskim časopisima poput Comix Rambla Internacional i El Vibora, prostorima gde je usavršavao svoje veštine i počeo da razvija prepoznatljiv stil koji će uskoro očarati globalnu publiku.

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Žiljen Levi 1906–1981

Američka Born in Njujork Surrealizam, Avangarda

Julien Levy, čuveni trgovac umetnošću i vlasnik galerije Julien Levy u New Yorku, rođen je 22. januara 1906. godine. Levyjeve veze sa Marcelom Duchampom otvorile su mu vrata sveta avantgarde, predstavljajući ga umetnicima poput Man Raya i Berenice Abbott, što je kulminiralo njegovim značajnim osvajanjem dela privatnog arhiva Eugènea Atgeta. Nakon razvoda 1942. godine, Levy je 1944. godine stupio u brak sa surrealističkom umetnicom Muriel Streeter.

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Džim Voren rođen 1949

Američka Born in Long Beach Surrealistička fantazija

Džim Voren se izdvaja kao jedinstvena figura u savremenoj ilustraciji, prepoznatljiv prvenstveno po svojim očaravajućim dizajnima korica knjiga koji neprimetno spajaju nadrealizam i fantasy realizam. Rođen 24. novembra 1949. godine u Long Beachu, Kalifornija, Vorenov umetnički put počeo je organski – detinjasto fasciniranje slikarstvom procvetalo je u doživotnu posvećenost stvaranju sanjivih slika koje prenose gledaoce u fantastična carstva.

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Мајкл Паркс rođen 1944

Amerikanac Born in Сикестон Magični realizam

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Maurice Tabard 1897–1984

French Born in Lyon Surrealism

A pivotal moment arrived in 1914 when his father’s business necessitated a relocation to New York City, an event that irrevocably altered Tabard’s artistic trajectory. He enrolled at the New York Institute of Photography, immersing himself in the technical aspects of the medium and laying the groundwork for a future defined by innovative visual language. While Tabard’s career wasn't solely defined by Surrealism – he also worked as a set photographer and documentary filmmaker in the 1940s, and spent time teaching in the United States – his contributions to the movement remain significant.

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George Wallace Jardine 1920–2002

British Surrealism

George Wallace Jardine (1920–2002) remains a singular figure in British surrealism, celebrated for his evocative depictions of the Scottish Highlands and his masterful manipulation of printmaking techniques. His work established him as one of Scotland’s foremost landscape painters, blending the tangible reality of the natural world with the intangible whispers of the subconscious. A notable highlight of his graphic work includes the Levitation Act series, which captures ethereal forms suspended against stark backgrounds—a testament to his lifelong fascination with illusion and the boundary between the physical and the spectral.

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Graham Vivian Sutherland 1903–1980

Britanac Born in Streatham Surrealizam Wikipedia, 13 of 32 languages

Rođen u Strimu u Londonu 1903. godine, Sutherlandov put bio je put neprestane metamorfoznije. Kako je prešao u Art School Goldsmiths, Sutherland je počeo da se udaljava od tradicionalnog predstavljanja, osećajući privlačnost evokativne moći gravure i akvatinte.

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Claude Cahun 1894–1954

French Born in Nantes Surrealism

Rejecting the polished realism favored by many artists, she embraced a deliberately unsettling aesthetic—often employing double exposures and photomontage to create images that simultaneously reveal and conceal. Her collages weren’t simply assembled images; they were carefully constructed narratives designed to destabilize viewers' perceptions and provoke contemplation about gender roles and societal norms. During World War II, Cahun actively participated in the French Resistance movement, utilizing her artistic skills to disseminate propaganda and support underground networks.

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Oleksandr Aksinin 1949–1985

Born in Lvov

Rođen u Lavovu, u Ukrajini, 1949. godine, Oleksandr Aksinin se istakao kao značajna figura unutar sovjetske umetničke scene. Ovakav pedantni pristup donio mu je nadimak „Dürer iz Lavova“, što je pravo svedočanstvo njegove tehničke veštine i umetničke vizije.

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Октавио Окампо rođen 1943

Meksički Born in Селаја Surrealizam, Metamorfna umetnost Wikipedia, 9 of 32 languages

Oktavio Ocampo, rođen 1943. godine u živopisnom gradu Selaji, Guanajuato, Meksiko, ime je sinonim za metamorfički surealizam – stil koji nije jednostavno usvojio već utkao u samu srž svog bića.

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Frederick Sommer 1905–1999

American Photography, Surrealism

Born in Cornell University where he met Frances Elisabeth Watson—whom he married in 1928—Sommer’s life was marked by intellectual curiosity and artistic dedication, culminating in the establishment of the Center for Creative Photography at Arizona State University alongside Ansel Adams, Harry Callahan, Wynn Bullock, and Aaron Siskind.

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Saul Steinberg 1914–1999

Romanian-American Born in Râmnicu Sărat Modernist Cartooning Wikipedia, 17 of 32 languages

To encounter the work of Saul Steinberg is to step into a realm where the boundaries between thought and line, between reality and metaphor, begin to dissolve. He was a fixture in the prestigious galleries of New York, exhibiting alongside giants like Arshile Gorky and Robert Motherwell, yet he remained a beloved figure in the pages of mass-circulation periodicals.

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Luigi Serafini rođen 1949

Italijan Born in Rim Futuistička umetnost

Luigi Serafini, rođen u Rimu 1949. godine, zauzima jedinstveno mesto u savremenoj mašti, delujući istovremeno kao arhitekta fizičkih struktura i kartograf nemogućih svetova. Odgajan unutar umetničke loze, Serafinijev rani život bio je prožet nijansama forme i dizajna, što je postavio temelje koji će mu kasnije omogućiti da premosti jaz između rigorozne logike arhitekture i fluidnog haosa nadrealističke fantazije.

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Оскар Домингез 1906–1957

Born in Сан Кристобал де ла Лагуна Wikipedia, 10 of 32 languages

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Hans Bellmer 1902–1975

German Born in Катовице Surrealism, Photography Wikipedia, 15 of 32 languages

His photographs are characterized by a stark, almost clinical aesthetic, often employing unusual lighting and unsettling compositions. Bellmer's use of photography served not merely as documentation but as an integral part of his artistic process – a means of manipulating perception and creating a sense of unease. However, following the war, Bellmer's work gained recognition within Surrealist circles in Paris, where he sought refuge from Nazi persecution.

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Мајкл Сова rođen 1945

Немац Суреализам

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Јацек Јерка rođen 1952

Born in Торуњ

Rođen 1952. godine u Torunju, u Poljskoj, Jacek Yerka izrastao je u porodici duboko posvećenoj umetnosti. Kao dete, Jarka je radije birao samo Stalna kreativna istraživanja – crtanje i vajarstvo – nego igru na otvorenom, što je dovelo do socijalnih izazova tokom osnovne škole, koje je on sam opisao kao „sivu, ponekad užasnu stvarnost“.

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Angus Rowland Mcbean 1904–1990

Born in Monmouth, New Jersey

He began his career crafting masks and scenery, developing a keen eye for visual storytelling and dramatic presentation. This early experience profoundly shaped his later photographic work, imbuing it with a strong sense of stagecraft and narrative. McBean transitioned into full-time theatre photography, quickly establishing himself as a skilled chronicler of the British stage.

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Wolfgang Paalen 1905–1959

Austrian-Mexican Born in Vienna Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism Wikipedia, 9 of 32 languages

A privileged upbringing afforded him a broad education, encompassing music—particularly the complex structures of Johann Sebastian Bach—and an early fascination with the classical world fostered during family sojourns in Rome. Initial guidance came from German painter Leo von König, nurturing Paalen’s nascent talent and setting him on a path toward artistic expression. He briefly rejoined them between 1951 and 1954 during a sojourn in Paris, but his creative energies were increasingly focused on developing what he termed “ Spaciales ” – paintings that sought to create immersive spatial environments through an extension of his fumage technique.

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Clarence John Laughlin 1905–1985

American Surrealist photography

His work also benefited from the influence of Edward Steichen, whose time at Vogue magazine provided Laughlin with valuable exposure and experience.

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Vilhelm Fredi 1909–1995

Danski Born in Kopenhagen Apstraktna umetnost, realistički nadrealizam Wikipedia, 12 of 32 languages

Rođen kao Kristian Frederik Vilhelm Karlsen 7. februa 1909. godine u Kopenhagenu, Danska, Vilhelm Fredi vodio je život koji je definišala nemirna potraga za novim vizuelnim jezicima. Između 1929. i 1930. godine, on je kao pripravnik radio kao vajar u Tehničkoj školi, što je bio period koji je utemeljio njegovo razumevanje forme i fizičkog prisustva.

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Manuel Álvarez Bravo 1902–2002

Mexican Surrealist photography; Mexican muralism

While he took art classes at the Academia Nacional de Bellas Artes, much of his photography was self-taught, driven by an internal compulsion to document the shifting Mexican identity. His early work was rooted in European influences, but he soon became deeply moved by the Mexican muralism movement and the general cultural and political push to redefine the nation's soul. Through works such as The Good Reputation Sleeping and The Daughter of the Dancers, Bravo invited the world to see Mexico not through a lens of exoticism, but through a lens of profound, quiet dignity.

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Sergei Parajanov 1924–1990

Armenian, Ukrainian Born in Tbilisi Surrealism, Folklore

Sergei Parajanov, born Sarkis Hovsepi Parajaniants in Tbilisi, Georgia on January 9th, 1924, was more than just a filmmaker; he was a cultural architect, a visual poet, and a fiercely independent artist who profoundly shaped the landscape of world cinema. He is buried at Komitas Pantheon in Yerevan, a fitting tribute to a man whose spirit remains inextricably linked to the soul of Armenia.

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Eileen Agar 1899–1991

Argentine-British Born in Буенос Ајрес Surrealism Wikipedia, 9 of 32 languages

Eileen Forrester Agar, born in the vibrant city of Buenos Aires in 1899 to a Scottish father and American mother, was an artist whose life and work embodied a fascinating interplay of cultures and artistic movements. A period of study in Paris between 1928 and 1930 proved pivotal, exposing her to the intellectual ferment that would soon define Surrealism. Following World War II, Agar experienced a renewed period of artistic productivity, marked by numerous solo exhibitions beginning in 1946.

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Džordž Kando rođen 1957

Američka Born in Конкорд Veštački realizam Wikipedia, 7 of 32 languages

Rođen u Konkordu, u Nju Hampshiru, 1957. godine, Džordž Kond se istakao kao ključna figura savremene umetnosti stvaranjem potpuno jedinstvenog vizuelnog jezika — onog koji je sam nazvao „Veštački realizam“. Susret sa Žan-Mišelom Baskijom 1979. godine pokazao se transformativnim, podstaknuvši selidbu u Njujork i potpuno uranjanje u procvetajući svet umetnosti.

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Mário Cesariny 1923–2006

Portugalac Born in Lisabon Surrealizam, Poezija

Rođen u Lisabonu, u Portugalu, 9. avgusta 1923. godine, u porodici obeleženoj i privilegijama i tihim nemirima, Mário Cesariny de Vasconcelos isplivao je kao jedan od najprepoznatljivijih glasova portugalskog surrealizma. Njegov otac, Viriato de Vasconcelos, vešt zlatar, i majka, María de las Mercedes Cesariny, Španjorka francuskog porekla, prolazili su kroz porodične nemire koji su bacali senku na njihov dom.

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Piroska Szanto 1913–1998

Hungarian Born in Kiskunfélegyháza Surrealism

This artist colony, brimming with innovative minds like Endre Bálint, Dezső Korniss, and Lajos Vajda, became a crucible for her developing style.

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Artur Cruzeiro Seixas 1920–2020

Born in Amadora 1920s Art Deco

Upon returning to Portugal in 1964, Seixas continued to push the boundaries of artistic expression. The late 1960s brought further recognition, including a scholarship from the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, which allowed him to dedicate himself fully to his artistic pursuits. This circle became the nucleus of what would emerge as the Surrealist Group of Lisbon in the mid-1940s, born from a schism within the broader Portuguese surrealist movement.

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Павел ЧелиเชВ 1898–1957

Рођен у Русији Born in Дубровка Сурреализам, Неоромантизам Wikipedia, 7 of 32 languages

Umetnički razvoj Павела ЧелиเชВ-а tokom njegovog boravka u Parizu dramatično je oblikovan susretima sa Gertrude Stein, Edith Sitwell i širim krugom umetnika povezanih sa njima. Njegove saradnje sa Baletom Russes Sergeja Dijagilova, posebno u produkcijama kao što je Oda (1928), označile su značajnu prekretnicu u njegovoj karijeri.

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Marcelo Grassmann 1925–2013

Brazilian Born in Sao Joao do Rio Preto Engraving and draughtsmanship

Initially pursued sculpture before discovering his passion for engraving in the 1940s. These influences shaped his early style and thematic concerns. Influence on Subsequent Artists: His unique style and technical skill have inspired generations of artists in Brazil and beyond.

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Marija Iskjero Rodriges 1902–1955

Meksikačka Born in Сан Хуан де лос Лагос Surrealizam, narodna umetnost Wikipedia, 11 of 32 languages

Marija Iskjero Rodriges, pionirska meksička slikarka, rođena je 30. oktobra 1902. godine u San Huan de los Lagosu, u državi Havana, Meksiko. Ova predvodnica umetničkog pokreta posvetila je svoj život i karijeru slikanju koje je ponosno prikazivalo njene meksičke korene, ravnopravno se postavivši među čuvene meksičke umetnike poput Dijega Rivere, Hose Klomente Orozkoa i Davida Alfaroa Sikerosa.

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Kay Sage 1898–1963

American Born in Watervliet Surrealism Wikipedia, 11 of 32 languages

The turning point arrived with her divorce in 1935 and subsequent move to Paris in 1937. Here, she encountered the burgeoning Surrealist movement and found herself drawn to the work of Giorgio de Chirico, whose enigmatic landscapes resonated deeply with her own internal world. Despite facing challenges as a woman artist in a male-dominated field, Sage exhibited her work at prominent galleries such as Pierre Matisse Gallery and Catherine Viviano Gallery in New York City, and participated in group exhibitions including the Salon des Surindépendants in Paris.

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Xul Solar 1887–1963

Argentinski Born in Сан Фернандо Avangarda, Surrealizam Wikipedia, 9 of 32 languages

Oscar Agustín Alejandro Schulz Solari, čija je strana sveta upoznala umetnika pod imenom Xul Solar, bio je lik koji je prkosio svakoj jednostavnoj kategorizaciji. Rođen u San Fernandu, u Argentini, 1887. godine, njegov život i umetnost bili su živopisna tapiserija ispredana nitima kosmopolitskog vaspitanja, ezoterijskog istraživanja i nepokolebljive posvećenosti umetničkoj inovaciji.

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Richard Oelze 1900–1980

German Born in Magdeburg Surrealism Wikipedia, 7 of 32 languages

As a painter, draftsperson, and graphic artist, Oelze was regarded as a significant figure in surrealism. One of his most important works is Die Erwartung (The Expectation, 1935/1936), which depicts a group of people with their backs to the observer, staring into an empty landscape.

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Hedda Sterne 1910–2011

Rumunska-Amerikanka Born in Букурешт Apstraktni ekspresionizam, Surrealizam Wikipedia, 8 of 32 languages

Hedda Sterne, rođena kao Hedvig Lindenberg u Bukarestu, Rumunija, 1910. godine, bila je umetnica čiji su život i rad otelotvorili fascinantnu raskrsnicu kultura, pokreta i ličnih filozofija. Njena formalna obuka počela je 1918. godine pod mentorstvom Frederika Štorka, vajara koji je podučavao i njenog nastavnika Maks Hermana Makija, što ju je usmerilo na put kojim će se susretati sa nekim od najključnijih umetničkih struja dvadesetog veka.

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Pierre Roy 1880–1950

French Born in Nantes Surrealist Wikipedia, 7 of 32 languages

Born in 1880, Pierre Roy was a French surrealist painter. A significant moment in his career occurred in 1925 when he participated in the first exhibition of surrealist painters alongside figures such as Giorgio de Chirico, Max Ernst, and Pablo Picasso.

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Ithell Colquhoun 1906–1988

British Born in Shillong Surrealism, Occult art Wikipedia, 6 of 32 languages

In 1946, Colquhoun established a studio near Penzance, Cornwall, while maintaining a residence in London.

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Fransisko Toledo 1940–2019

Meksikanac Born in Мексико Сити Surrealizam, narodna umetnost Wikipedia, 10 of 32 languages

Fransisko Benjamín Lopez Toledo, rođen u Jučitánu de Saragozi, u regiji Oahaka, 1940. godine, nije bio samo umetnik; bio je kulturni arhitekta, strastveni zagovornik svoje domovine i jedna od najdublje uticajnih savremenih figura Meksika.

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Margit Anna 1913–1991

Mađarska Born in Борота Ekspresionizam, Surrealizam Wikipedia, 8 of 32 languages

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Jacqueline Lamba 1910–1993

French Born in Saint-Mandé Surrealism Wikipedia, 6 of 32 languages

It was within the electric, avant-garde atmosphere of Paris that Lamba’s destiny intertwined with the movement's most iconic figure, André Breton. Their connection was nothing short of cinematic—a romance ignited by the sight of Lamba performing as a nude underwater dancer at the Coliseum, an image that would forever haunt Breton’s memory.

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Vlady 1920–2005

Modern Art

Vlady’s artistic development has been marked by a consistent dedication to traditional oil painting techniques. This painstaking approach requires immense patience and skill, resulting in paintings that possess a tactile quality and an almost photographic realism. The influence of classical masters like Rembrandt and Vermeer is palpable – particularly in Vlady's masterful use of light and shadow to create dramatic effect and evoke a sense of intimacy.

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Caleb Lewis

Australian

Lewis’s visual language is defined by a meticulous, almost rhythmic precision. The concentration required to place each point allows for a quiet stillness, turning a repetitive motion into a means of managing internal noise.

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Raquel Forner 1902–1988

Argentine Born in Buenos Aires Expressionism, Surrealism Wikipedia, 5 of 32 languages

Moving to Paris in the late 1920s, she became a vital participant in the "Paris Group," a collective of Argentine artists who sought to bridge the gap between South American sensibilities and European innovation. Her legacy is characterized by several key artistic pillars: Technical Mastery: The use of heavy impasto and rich, emotive color palettes that give her subjects a sculptural, palpable presence.

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Lubo Kristek rođen 1943

Češk Born in Брно ['Konceptualna umetnost', 'Surrealizam', 'Performans'] Wikipedia, 6 of 32 languages

Rođen u Brnu, u Češkoj Republici, 1943. godine, Lubo Kristek se pojavio kao značajan glas u posleratnoj evropskoj umetničkoj sceni, prkoseći bilo kakvim lakim kategorizacijama. Od samog početka, Kristek je pokazivao nemiran duh, odbijajući da bude ograničen tradicionalnim medijima ili pristupima. Ključni trenutak u Kristekovom umetničkog razvoju dogodio se preseljenjem u Zapadnu Nemačku 1968. godine, nakon Praškog proleća.

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Džejms Glison 1915–2008

Australijac Born in Аустралија Surrealizam Wikipedia, 4 of 32 languages

Džejms Timoti Glison (1915–2008) nije bio samo umetnik; bio je mag čina pejzaža, tkalac noćnih mora i snova, i verovatno prvi istinski surrealista u Australiji. Rođen u Hornsbiju, u Novoj Južnoj Velskoj, Glisonov rani život obeležio je duboki osećaj izmeštenosti.

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Julian Trevelyan 1910–1988

Britanac Born in Доркинг Surrealizam, Grafika Wikipedia, 3 of 32 languages

Džulijan Oto Treveljan, rođen u Đorkingu u Suriju 1910. godine, bio je figura koja je kretala strujama britanske umetnosti 20. veka sa nezavisnim duhom i duboko ličnom vizijom. Ovde se susreo sa nekim od najznačajnijih figura avangarde – Maksom Ernstom, Oskarom Kokoškom, Žanom Miroom i Pablom Pikasom – umetnicima koji su osporavali konvencionalne pojmove predstavljanja i prihvatili moć nesvesnog.

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Jeffrey Smart 1921–2013

Australian Born in Adelaide Precisionism Wikipedia, 5 of 32 languages

His early work reflected this exposure, alongside an engagement with local maritime artist John Giles, painting industrial landscapes around Port Adelaide – scenes that foreshadowed his later preoccupation with urban environments. Even as a young artist, actively participating in the Royal South Australian Society of Arts, Smart demonstrated a unique vision, balancing modernist principles with a distinctly personal sensibility. Studying at La Grande Chaumière in Paris, and later under Fernand Léger at the Académie Montmartre, he immersed himself in the heart of modernist thought.

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Conroy Maddox 1912–2005

English Born in Ledbury Surrealism Wikipedia, 4 of 32 languages

He rejected traditional painting methods, embracing collage, frottage, and decalcomania—techniques that allowed for chance encounters and the emergence of unexpected forms. The influence of psychoanalysis, particularly the theories of Sigmund Freud, is evident in his exploration of hidden desires and repressed emotions. Conroy Maddox died in London in 2005 at the age of 92, leaving behind a remarkable body of work that continues to captivate and inspire.

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Tristram Pol Hiljer 1905–1983

English Born in Пекинг Surrealist Wikipedia, 2 of 32 languages

Throughout his career, Hillier remained a steadfast practitioner of surrealism, even as his travels took him across France and Spain before he eventually settled in Somerset, England.

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Đorđe Roman 1903–1981

Mađar Born in Rome Surrealizam Wikipedia, 1 of 32 languages

György Roman (1903 – 1981) izronio je iz plodnog umetničkog remotely Mađarske tokom perioda između dva svetska rata, etablirajući se kao istaknuta figura mađarskog modernizma i ostavljajući neizbrisiv trag na ekspresionistički pokret.

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Jorge Castillo rođen 1933

Spanish Born in Pontevedra Abstract Expressionist Wikipedia, 5 of 32 languages

The influence of Raquel Forner, a fellow artist and a key figure in the Spanish Surrealist movement, is undeniable; her exploration of dream imagery and psychological depth undoubtedly shaped Castillo’s early development. His initial exhibitions at Galería Altamira in Madrid showcased these early works – hauntingly beautiful ink drawings and gouaches that hinted at the emotional complexity to come. Castillo's artistic trajectory began with a formal education in drawing at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, a crucial period that exposed him to the revolutionary currents of Surrealism.

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Ivan Eyre 1935–2022

Canadian Born in Saskatchewan Abstract Figurative, Prairie Landscape Wikipedia, 3 of 32 languages

Born in the small Saskatchewan community of Tulymétik in 1935, Eyre’s artistic journey wasn't simply about depicting what he saw, but about translating a deeply felt connection to place into a visual language that explored existential themes and the complexities of human experience. This formative connection would become the bedrock of his artistic expression. For thirty-three years, from 1959 to 1992, Eyre dedicated himself to teaching at the University of Manitoba School of Art, shaping generations of aspiring artists.

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Seri Ričards 1903–1971

Velški Born in Dunvant Surrealizam, Ekspresionizam Wikipedia, 2 of 32 languages

Rođen u malom selu Dunvant, blizu Svanzij, 1903. godine, Seri Giraldus Ričards izrastao je u jedinstveno negovanom okruženju koje će duboko oblikovati njegovu umetničku viziju. Njegov otac, Tomas Koslet Ričards, nije bio samo radnik u industriji limenog materijala, već čovek prožet kulturom — pesnik koji je pisao stihove na velškom i engleskom jeziku, i dirigent horovog društva koji je dom ispunjavao muzikom.

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Eldzier Cortor 1916–2015

American Born in Richmond Surrealism, Realism Wikipedia, 3 of 32 languages

His involvement with the Works Progress Administration (WPA) provided him with invaluable experience documenting scenes of Bronzeville, a vibrant Black neighborhood in Chicago during the Depression era.

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Linder Sterling rođen 1954

British Wikipedia, 4 of 32 languages

Her work has been featured in group exhibitions at the Tate Modern, the Australian Centre for Contemporary Art, and the Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago. In 2017, she was honored with the Paul Hamlyn Foundation Award. Her performance art has included works such as The Ultimate Form, a collaboration with choreographer Kenneth Tindall, and Children of the Stain.

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Juan Barjola 1919–2004

Spanish Born in Torre de Miguel Sesmero New Figuration Wikipedia, 3 of 32 languages

The shadow of Pablo Picasso loomed large over Spanish art during Barjola’s formative years, but rather than imitation, Picasso's example spurred him toward originality. The Spanish Civil War cast a long pall over his generation, and while Barjola’s work wasn't overtly political in the propagandistic sense, it resonated with a profound sense of displacement and loss.

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Emilio Tadini 1927–2002

Spanish Born in Milan Catalan Modernisme Wikipedia, 1 of 32 languages

Emilio Tadini was far more than a painter; he was a profound architect of meaning within the Italian cultural landscape. Born in Milan in 1927, his journey began not with a brush, but with the written word. A poet, novelist, and essayist, Tadini first emerged onto the prestigious literary stage in 1947 through Elio Vittorini's magazine, Politecnico.

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Leandre Cristòfol I Peralba 1908–1998

Catalan Born in Олеса-де-Балагер Surrealism, Non-figurative Wikipedia, 1 of 32 languages

Rođen u Olesi de Balagueru u Španiji 1908. godine, a preminuo u Llejdi 1998. godine, Cristòfol je bio samouki umetnik koji je kroz svoj rad stvarao nefigurativna dela, portrete i kompozicije prožete religionom tematikom. Iako na stranici AllPaintingsStore trenutno nema dostupnih informacija o specifičnim delima koja je ostavio Leandre Cristòfol i Peralba, njegov uticaj na surrealističku skulpturu u Kataloniji je neosporiv.

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Ellen Lanyon 1926–2013

Born in Chicago World Goes Pop Wikipedia, 1 of 32 languages

Lanyon’s early work focused on intimate portraits of relatives and the spaces they inhabited – quiet studies imbued with a sense of psychological depth. She herself often described these works as “dreamscapes,” a fitting term for paintings that seem to exist on the threshold between waking consciousness and the realm of sleep. In the 1970s, Lanyon’s move to New York brought her into contact with the feminist art collective Heresies, further broadening her intellectual and artistic horizons.